MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR LIMBS. 



307 



commences towards the middle of the tibia. This tendon passes through a ring pierced 

 in the tendoii of the muscle that represents the tendinous portion of tlie tiexor of the 

 metatarsus ; it then deviates inwards, and is fixed into the cuueiforms and the superior 

 extremity of the piincipal metatarsal bone (Fig. 138, 4). 



3. A proper extensor of the external digit 

 (lateral extensor of the phalanges in Solipeds, 

 the peronetis brevis lateralis in Man), whose 

 fleshy body is altogether similar to that of the 

 analogous muscle in the Horse, and is termi- 

 nated by a long tendon which resembles that of 

 the proper extensor of the iDternal digit (Fig 

 138, 7, 8, 9, 10). 



4. A muscle which represents the peroneous 

 longus in Man, and of which in Solipeds there 

 is not a trace. This muscle commences by a 

 short, conical, muscular body in front of the 

 supero-external tuberosity of the tibia ; and it 

 terminates by a long tendon whose direction is 

 as follows : included at first, like the muscular 

 portion, between the proper extensor of the ex- 

 ternal digit and the triple muscular fasciculus 

 already described, it arrives on the outside of 

 the tarsus, passes through the fibrous groove of 

 the proper extensor, where it is enveloped by a 

 special synovial membrane, passes over the 

 latter in sliglitly crossing its direction, and is 

 inilected at first backwards, then outwards, in 

 insinuating itself underneath the external tibio- 

 tarsal ligament, and the calcaneo-metatarsal 

 and the posterior tarso-metatarsal ligaments, 

 which retain it in a channel on the inferior 

 face of the cuboido-scaphoid bone. It is finally 

 inserted into the deep face of the second cunei- 

 form lione, and the external side of the superior 

 extremity of the metatarsus, by a small branch 

 detached from tlie outer side of the principal 

 tendon. 



All tliese muscles are similarly disposed in 

 the Sheep and Guat. 



Pig. — The anterior tibial muscles of this 

 animal resemble those of Huminants, with the 

 exception of some peculiarities of secondary im- 

 portance, among which the following may be 

 cited : 



The muscular fasciculus which replaces the 

 cord of the flexor metatarsi in the Horse termi- 

 nates on the scaphoid and the second cuneifurm 1, Originating tendon of th* muscle which 

 bone. The common extensor of the diijits has represents the anterior extensor of the 

 four tendons, one for each digit. The proper 

 extensors have two each, one for the small digit, 

 the other for the great. The anterior tibial 

 passes to the second cuneiform bone. The 

 peroiieus longus lateralis is inserted by its ten- 

 don into tlie upper extremity of the internal 

 metatarsus. 



Caksivoea. — Four muscles are described in 

 these animals: 1, An anterior tibial; 2, A 



EXTERNAL MUSCLES OP THE LEG OF 

 THE OX. 



phalanges and the tendinous cord of the 

 flexor metatarsi in the Horse; 2, Us 

 flexor fasciculus; 5, That which forms 

 the common extensor of the digits ; 6', 

 The tendon of this fasciculus ; 6, Its 

 terminal bifurcation ; 3, The long la- 

 teral peroneus ; 3', Its tendon ; 4, Origin 

 of the anterior tibial (the muscular por- 

 tion of the flexor metatarsi in the 

 Horse) ; 7, Proper extensor of the 

 external digit (short lateral peroneus) ; 8, Its tendon ; 9, Its insertion into the second 

 phalanx; 10, Its insertion into the third phalanx; 11, External belly of the gas- 

 trocnemii; 11', Their tendon ; 12, Solearis ; 13, Tendon of the perforatus ; 14, Perforans; 

 14', Its tendon; 15, Suspensory ligament of the fetloclc ; 16, The band it gives off to 

 the perforatns tendon; 17, That which it sends to the proper extensor of the external 

 digit ; 18, The pedal muscle • 19, The insertion of the long vastus on the patella and its 

 external ligament. 



