THE INTESTINES. 



417 



Fia. 210. 



capacity, M. Colin gives the following averages : for the Dog's small intestine, 1 quart ; 

 that of the C;it, l-4th of a pint ; the large intestine in the Dog, nearly 1 quart, aud in the 

 Cat, a trifle more than l-lth of a pint. 



The small intestine, suspended at the extremity of a mesentery similar to Ihat of 

 Solipeds, rests on the inferior abdominal wall. It is distinguished by the thickness of 

 its parietes, tlie length and number of its villosities, which cover its inner surface, and 

 wliich are even found accumulated on Beyer's patches. These latter number about 20 

 in the Dog, and 5 or 6 in the Cat. The csecum forms only a, email, spirally-twisted 

 appendix, lined by a plicnted and very follicular mucous membrane, particularly iu the 

 Cat, which shows at the bottom of the cul-de-sac a true Peyer's gland. 



The colon is scarcely larger than the small intestine, and is neither sacculated nor 

 furnished with longitudinal bands. In its short course, it is disposed somewhat like the 

 same intestine in Man ; and, as in him, it may be divided into the ascending (Fig. 209, /), 

 transverse (3), and descending colon (h% which is continued directly with the rectum. 



Near the anus, this latter viscus presents on its sides two narrow apertures leading 

 to two glandular pouches, which are iilled witli a brownish matter, that has a strong and 

 fetid odour, and which is secreted by the glands covering the internal wall of these 

 diverticuli. 



(Measurements of the intes- 

 tines, always a subject of interest 

 to comparative anatomists, have 

 been frequently made by different 

 authorities. Leyh gives the length 

 of the Horse s intestines as fi'om 

 10 to 12 times that of its body ; 

 those of the Ox as from 20 to 22 

 times; the Sheep and Goat froui 

 26 to 28 times ; the Pig from 15 

 to 17 times ; the Dog from 4J to 

 5J times ; and the Cat from 4 to 

 5 times. 



According to Hering, the entire 

 length of the intestines of tha 

 Horse averages 100 Wurtemburg 

 feet, 70 of which are for the small 

 intestine, and 30 for the large. In 

 the Ox they are 150 feet, 120 being 

 for the small intestine, and 30 

 for the large ; in the Sheep they 

 average 90 feet, 65 to 70 being 

 allowed for the small intestine; 

 those of the Goat measure 95, 

 the small intestine being 70 ; m 

 theP/3 they are 90 feet, 72 ot 

 which are for the small iiitestme, 

 and 18 for the large; large-sized 

 Dogs averaged from 23 to 27 feet, 

 20 to 22 of which were for the 

 small intestine ; small dogs had 

 only 6 feet in many instances. 

 The Cat has from 4 to 5 feet.) 



COMPARISON OP THE INTESTINES OP 

 MAN WITH THOSE OF ANIMALS. 



Not unfrequently the small 

 intestine of Man is divided into 

 duodenum and small intestine 

 vroper The duodenum is trom 

 9 to 11 inches; is dilated at its 

 origin, and firi.dy attached to the 

 posterior face of the liver by a 

 peritoneal fold, and to the right 



*^„ ,, t.1, .„!,„,. von- rvTl bv COIl- 



THE HUMAN INTESTINES AND SUPERIOK MESENTERIC 

 ARTERY. 



1 Descending portion of the duodenum ; 2, Transvers? 

 'portion; 3, Pancreas; 4, Jejuiram ; 5, Ileum; 6, 

 Cajcum and appendix vermiformis ; 7, Ascending 

 colon ; 8, Transverse colon ; 9, Descending colon ; 

 10, Superior mesenteric artery; 11, Colica media; 

 12 The branch that inosculates with the colica 

 sinistra ■ 13, Pancreatico-duodenalis inferior ; 14, 

 Colica d'extra; 15, lleo-colica ; 16, 16, Vasa intcs- 

 tinis tenuis. 



t^U^e 'ttuT' It dlSrrbe's'tir^rc of a circle, in the concavity of which is lodged tl e 

 rigti extZuy of the pancreas, and not the caecum as in Solipeds. 



