848 THE APPARATUS OF TBE SENSES. 



not join on the median line, but are placed at the sides of the head, below 



3. SouTO-AUKiouLAKis BsTEENUS (anterior concha:. — Percivall. Fig. 396). 

 —This muscle may be said to be a dependency of the preceding, whose 

 action it transmits to the conchal cartilage, and renders it more complete. 



Extending from the external face of the scutiform cartilage to the inner 

 side of the concha, and generally composed of two fasciculi, it is covered by 

 the skin and the conchal band of the external temporo-aurioularis, while it 

 covers part of the internal scuto-auricular muscle. 



Fig. 396. 



MUSCLES OF THE EAR. 

 1, Cervico-auricularis superficialis ; 2, Temporo-auricularis internus ; 3, 4, Tem- 

 poro-auriculavis externus ; 5, Scutiform cartilage ; 6, Scuto-auricularis externus ; 

 7, Posterior auricular artery ; 8, Portion of the zygomatico-auricularis ; 9, Orbital 

 process; 10, Temporo-auricularis internus ; 11, Temporal muscle ; 12, Scutiform 

 cartilage; 13, Ditto; 14, Concha of the ear; 15, Scuto-auricularis externus ; 16, 

 Internal scuto-auricularis ; 17, Parotido-auricularis ; 18, Corrugator supercilii ; 

 19, Zygomatico-auricularis. 



When this muscle contracts, it principally participates in producing the 

 rotatory movement that carries the opening of the concha outwards. 



4. Ceevico-aubiculakes. — (Percivall apparently makes one muscle of 

 these three — the retrahentes aurem ; Leyh designates them as the cervico- 

 auriculares externus, medius, and internus. (Fig. 396). Three in number, 

 and situated behind the ear, these muscles are broad, thin bands, extending 

 from the cervical ligament to the conchal cartilage. With regard to their 

 superposition at their origin, they may be distinguished as superficial, middle, 



