XIV KEY TO THE ORDERS 



Gynoecium of several united carpels, 

 m. Filaments united. 

 Stamens diadelphous. 



Fumariaceae in Order Papaverales. 144 

 Stamens monadelphous. 

 Anther-sacs opening by slits. 



Oxalidaceae in Order Geraniales. 192 

 Anther-sacs opening by pores. 

 Calyx and corolla very irregular. 



Polygalaceae in Order Geraniales. 192 

 Calyx and corolla regular. Families in Order Ericales 235 

 mm. Filaments distinct. 

 Styles wanting or very short : stigmas sessile. 



Ilicaceae in Order Sapindales. 201 

 Styles elongated. Families in Order Ericales. 235 



11. Stamens partially adnate to the corolla. 

 Stamens as many as the lobes of the corolla and opposite them, 

 or twice as many more. 

 Ovary i-celled. Order Primulales. 243 



Ovary several-celled. 

 Upper portion of the ovaries distinct. 



Crassulaceae in Order Rosales. 157 

 Upper portion of the ovaries united. Order Ebenales. 245 



Stamens as many as the lobes of the corolla and alternate with 

 them, or fewer. 

 Corolla not scarious, veiny : fruit various, but not a pyxis. 

 Gynoecium of 3-6 carpels. ^ 



Shrubs or trees : ovules and seeds few. 



Ilicaceae in Order Sapindales. 201 

 Herbs, or creeping or tufted shrubby plants : ovules and 



seeds numerous. Families in Order Polemoniales. 252 

 Gynoecium of 2 carpels. 

 Carpels distinct, except sometimes at the apex. 



Families in Order Gentianales. 245 

 Carpels united. 

 Ovary i-celled, with central placentae. 



Order Gentianales. 245 

 Ovary 2-celled, or falsely 4-celled, or if i-celled with parie- 

 tal placentae. 

 Stamens 2 and opposite each other, or 3. 



Order Gentianales. 245 

 Stamens usually 4 or 5, if 2 by reduction not opposite 

 each other. 

 Leaves with stipules or stipular lines at their bases. 



Spigeliaceae in Order Gentianales. 245 

 IiCayes with no traces of stipules. 



Order Polemoniales. 252 

 Corolla scarious, veinless : fruit a pyxis. 



Order Plantaginales. ' 288 

 kk. Ovary inferior. 



Stamens with the filaments free from the corolla. 

 Stamens 10 : antlier-sacs opening by terminal pores or chinks. 



Vacciniaceae in Order Ericales. 235 



