87 



3. The Roiunanian red clover. — It is well-known that it is 

 not always easy to separate the seeds froin the East, especially 

 those from the environs of the Black Sea, from the provenances of 

 the Mediterranean field. The warm and dry summer is responsible for 

 many common species in the two areas. Thus we come across in Rou- 

 manian red clover, in addition to species Which indicate exclvisively a Warm 

 climate, like Medicago sativa, Coronilla varia, Galega officinalis, 

 Cuscuta suaveolens, Galeopsis ladanum and angustifolium, Marrubium 

 vulgare, Chaiturus marrubiastrum, Cichorium intybus and Lactuca 

 seariola, also species Which must be considered predominantly Continental, 

 and others which we know chiefly as seeds of the Mediterranean territory. 

 As predominantly Continental species we consider, apart from Panicum 

 and Setaria species (which are not rare in Mediterranean seeds either) 

 Melandrium album. Delphinium consolida, NigeUa arvensis, Berteroa 

 incana, Lathyrus hirsutus. Hibiscus trionum, Conium maculatum, Cerinthe 

 minor, Ballota nigra, Centaiu'ea spp. ex sectione Paniculatarum, 

 Carduus acanthoides and Cirsium canum; whilst TorUis nodosa and 

 Linaria elatine are more frequent in West Mediterranean and Atlantic 

 seeds. The occurrence of Petroselinum (Carum) segetTiOa, however, 

 requires confirmation, as, up to the present, We have looked upon this 

 as typically West European (England, Flanders, North and Central 

 France and Portugal). Further, other pronouncedly West Mediterranean 

 and Atlantic species frequently found there in red clover, such as 

 Sanguisorba minor, Malva crispa, Arthrolobium scorpioides. Verbena 

 officinalis, Helminthia, Xerarithemum cylindraoeum, are missing in 

 the Roiunanian clover. The absence of Matricaria inodora and Sherardia 

 arvensis is striking, as is also the tinimportance of the grasses (Lohum, 

 Dactylis, Arrhenatherum, Alopecurus agrestis) which are represented 

 strongly in French red clover. 



4. The Roumanian Lucerne. — In its weed flora this so nearly 

 resembles the Roumanian red clover that it is not necessary to refer 

 to it here. 



6. Swedish red clover from Stockhohns Lan. — The composition 

 of the weed flora resembles very closely that of the Danish. Plantago 

 lanceolata occurs even more rarely, and the weeds of a somewhat warmer 

 local climate, Which We found in Danish clover (Lotus, Daucus, Crepis 

 tectorum) are totally absent. The perennial species predominate strongly, 

 as would be expected in the Northern climate, where a pronounced. summer 

 drought is absent. 



(6) Other impiirities. — The mineral impurities do not give us much 

 clue in the four provenances we have before us. Nevertheless, distinct 

 differences show themselves. 



(c) Colour. — Danish, Dutch and Swedish clovers show a pronounced 

 predominance of the yellow colour, and in this they differ from the German, 

 Austrian, French and American provenances. 



(d) Thousand-grain weights.— The Swedish red clover shows a small, 

 the Danish a medium, and the Dutch red clover a fairly large thousand - 

 grain weight. 



B. Methodical Results. 



It is very desirable that in future all weed seeds which cannot be 

 identified should be grown on for this purpose. It is absolutely necessary 

 to obtain a complete picture of the whole of the weed flora of a sample. 

 The investigations made up to now have proved conclusively that the 

 seed control station of the country of origin is best able to conduct 

 these analyses, as the flora of the clover fields of its country is 

 better known to it than to a foreign station. These investigations 

 should, therefore, be left to the local station in future. In cases where 

 the local station does not find time to conduct the investigations 

 itself, it should confine itself to collecting authentic samples, and leave 

 the examination to a central station to be selected by the Association, 

 The designation of the species should in futyre be uniform, and for this 



