DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE OEGANS. 81 



most soothing description, as oatmeal gruel, flaxseed tea, hay tea, 

 fresh grass, or rice water. The skin should be well rubbed with 

 alcohol and wisps of straw, to equalize the distribution of the blood ; 

 the legs, after being rubbed until warm, should be bandaged in raw 

 cotton or with woolen bandages. The horse should be warmly 

 blanketed. It is well to apply to the abdomen blankets wrung out 

 of hot water and frequently changed; or mustard paste may be 

 rubbed on the skin of the belly. Internally, opium is of service to 

 allay pain, check secretion, and soothe the inflamed membrane. The 

 dose is from 1 to 2 drams, given every three of four hours. If there is 

 constipation, the opium should be mixed with 30 grains of calomel. 

 Subnitrate of bismuth may be given with the opium or separately in 

 2-dram doses. Stimulants, such as alcohol, aromatic spirits of am- 

 monia, or camphor may be given in 2-ounce doses, mi^ed with warm 

 water to make a drench. 



If putrid feed has been consumed, creolin may be administered in 

 doses of 2 drams, mixed with 1 pint of warm water or milk. If there 

 is obstinate constipation and if a laxative must be employed, it should 

 be sweet or castor oil, from 1 pint to 1 quart. 



Antidotes for poisons. — For the various poisons the remedies are 

 as follows: 



Arsenic: Oxyhydrate of iron solution, 1 pint to 1 quart; or 

 calcined magnesia, one-half ounce in 1 pint of water. 



Corrosive sublimate (bichlorid of mercury) : The whites of a 

 dozen eggs, or 2 ounces of flowers of sulphur. 



Sugar of lead: Glauber's salt, 1 pound in 1 quart of warm water; 

 to be followed with iodid of potash, 3 drams at a dose, in water, 

 three times daily for five days. 



Sulphate of copper : Milk, the whites of eggs, or reduced iron. 



Sulphate or chlorid of zinc : Milk, the whites of eggs, or calcined 

 magnesia. 



Lye .or alkalies, as caustic potash or soda : Vinegar, dilute sul- 

 'phuric acid, and linseed tea, with opium, 3 drams. 



Mineral acids : Chalk, or calcined magnesia, or baking soda ; later 

 give linseed tea and opium. 



HEMORRHOIDS. OR FILES. 



These are rare, comparatively, in horses. They are diagnosed by 

 the appearance of bright-red irregular tumors after defecation, 

 which may remain visible at all times or be seen only when the horse 

 is down or after passing his manure. They are mostly due to con- 

 stipation, irritation, or injuries, or follow from the severe straining 

 during dysentery. I have observed them to follow from severe labor 

 pains in the mare. 

 36444°— 16 6 



