DISEASES OF THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 167 



DEGENERATION OF THE TESTICLES. 



The testicles may become the seat of fibrous, calcareous, fatty, 

 cartilaginous, or cystic degeneration, for all which the appropriate 

 treatment is castration. They also become the seat of cancer, glan- 

 ders, or tuberculosis, and castration is requisite, though with less 

 hope of arresting the disease. Finally, they may become infested 

 with cystic tapeworms or the agamic stage of a strongyle {Stronglyus 

 edentatus) . 



WARTS ON THE PENIS. 



These are best removed by twisting them off, using the thumb 

 and forefinger. They may also be cut off with scissors and the roots 

 cauterized with nitrate of silver. 



DEGENERATION OF PENIS (PAPILLOMA, OR EPITHELIOMA). 



The penis of the horse is subject to great cauliflower-like growths 

 on its free end, which extend back into the substance of the organ, 

 obstruct the passage of urine, and cause very fetid discharges. The 

 only resort is to cut them off, together with whatever portion of the 

 penis has become diseased and indurated. The operation, which 

 should be performed by a veterinary surgeon, consists in cutting 

 through the organ from its upper to its lower aspect, twisting or 

 tying the two dorsal arteries, and leaving the urethra longer by half 

 an inch to 1 inch than the adjacent structures. 



EXTRAVASATION OF BLOOD IN THE PENIS. 



As the result of kicks, blows, or of forcible striking of the penis 

 on the thighs of the mare which it has failed to ienter, the penis 

 may become the seat of effusion of blood from one or more ruptured 

 blood vessels. This gives rise to a more or less extensive swelling 

 on one or more sides, followed by some heat and inflammation, and 

 on recovery a serious curving of the organ. The treatment in the 

 early stages may be the application of lotions, of alum, or other 

 astringents, to limit the effusion and favor absorption. The penis 

 should be suspended in a sling. 



PARALYSIS OF THE PENIS. 



This results from blows and other injuries, and also in some cases 

 from too frequent and exhausting service. The penis hangs from 

 the sheath, flaccid, pendulous, and often cold. The passage of urine 

 occurs with lessened force, and especially without the final jets. In 

 cases of local injury the inflammation should first be subdued by 

 astringent and emollient lotions, and in all cases the system should 



