520 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 



Other alterations are dependent entirely upon the complications. 

 If the lungs have been affected, we find effusions identical in their 

 intimate nature "with those of simple pneumonia, but they differ 

 somewhat in their general appearance in not being so circumscribed 

 in their area of invasion. The alterations of meningitis and lami- 

 nitis are identical with those of sporadic cases of founder and inflam- 

 mation of the brain. 



TreatTnent. — ^While the appetite remains the patient should have a 

 moderate quantity of sound hay, good oats, and bran ; or even a little 

 fresh clover, if obtainable, can be given in small quantities. It is 

 not so important that a special diet shall be observed as that the 

 horse shall eat a moderate quantity of nourishing feed, and he may 

 be tempted with any feed of good quality that he relishes. He 

 should be placed in a well-ventilated box stall away from other 

 horses. Grass, roots, apples, and milk may be offered and, if relished, 

 allowed freely. To reduce the temperature the safest simple plan 

 is to inject large quantities of cold water into the rectum. Antipy- 

 rene may be used with alcohol or strychnia. Derivatives in the form 

 of essential oils and mustard poultices, baths of alcohol, turpentine, 

 and hot water, after which the animal must be immediately dried and 

 blanketed, serve to waken the animal from the stupor and relieve 

 the congestion of the internal organs. This treatment is especially 

 indicated when complication by congestion of the lungs, intestines, 

 or of the brain is threatened. Quinin and salicylic acid in 1-dram 

 doses will lower the temperature, but too continuous Use of the for- 

 mer in some cases increases the depression. lodid of potash reduces 

 the excessive nutrition of the congested organs and thereby reduces 

 the temperature; again, this drug in moderate quantities is a stimu- 

 lant to the digestive tract and acts as a diuretic, causing the elimina- 

 tion of waste matter by the kidneys. Small doses of Glauber's 

 salt and bicarbonate of soda, used from the outset, stimulate the 

 digestive tract and prevent constipation and its evil results. 



In cases of severe depression and weakness of the heart digitalis 

 can be used with advantage. At the end of the fever, and when 

 convalescence is established, alcohol in one-half pint doses and good 

 ale in 1-pint doses may be given as stimulants. To these may be 

 added 1-dram doses of turpentine. 



In complications of the intestines camphor and asafetida are most 

 frequently used to relieve the pain causing the colics; diarrhea is 

 also relieved by the use of bicarbonate of soda, nitrate of potash, 

 and drinks made from boiled rice or starch, to which may be added 

 small doses of laudanum. 



In complication of the lungs iodid of potash and digitalis are 

 most frequently indicated, in addition to the remedies used for the 

 disease itself. 



