120 SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT 



Central tooth of Capulus ungaricus transverse, depressed ; cutting 

 Fig. 62. — Teeth of Capulus ungaricus. 



edge broadly triangular, minutely toothed ; first lateral tooth droop- 

 ing, serrulated ; second and third somewhat similar, claw-like. 



Capulus ungaricus carries its egg-cases in groups, until they are 

 hatched, under the neck in front of the foot. 



The branchial apparatus of Capulus ungaricus consists of a heart 

 and one auricle, and a series of long, pale brown filaments, which 

 spring from the base of the walls of the cervical cavity, and do not 

 present a compact, plumose leaf. The foot is tough, coriaceous and 

 circular, with an anterior puckered ruff or upper skin, or sort of 

 mentum. — Clark, Moll. 265. 



Prof. Forbes described the foot as broad, expanded, truncate in 

 front and tapering behind. 



The foot of Capulus is described as puckered in front, but the 

 ' puckering ' appears to be what is usually called the sole of the 

 foot in other Gasteropods, contracted into that form. A somewhat 

 similar modification of the foot is found in the genus Vermetus, 

 where there is no appearance of any flat sole to the foot, but the end 

 of the foot, which usually bears the operculum, is contracted, subcy- 

 lindrical, truncated at the end, and closes the mouth of the cylin- 

 drical shelly tube ; and in front, under the head, are two subulate 

 processes which have been called tentacula, but which appear to be the 

 lobes which are often found at the front end of the foot produced into 

 this form. Some zoologists have objected to this explanation of the 

 structure of the animal, but the discussion may be considered set at 

 rest by the discovery of the animal of the genus Siliquaria (Phil. 

 Moll. Sicil. t. 9. f. 24), which has nearly the same structure of the 

 foot as the genus Vermetus ; but here the foot is rather lengthened, 

 and the front of it is marked with a short, narrow, flattened band, 

 which is evidently the usual flat part of the foot which is found in 

 a more expanded state in other Gasteropods. 



Dr.Turton(Zool. Journ. ii. 566) remarks, " The Pileopsis ungarica 

 may eventually be considered as a bivalve shell of the genus Hip- 

 pony x ; as in removing a living specimen from an oyster, we ob- 

 served a thin laminar under-valve, which is now in our cabinet. The 

 horse-shoe-shaped muscular impressions are also exactly similar to 

 those of the Hipponyx." 



Mr. Clark thinks that the "rudimentary lamina," sometimes 

 observed on the foot of the Capulus, "probably has its origin in a 

 compressed mass of testaceous pulli in adherence to it." — Moll. 263. 



In the Mediterranean they live attached to shells, zoophytes, and 

 especially the red coral (C'oralhum nobile). 



