QUADRUMANA. 59 



the larynx under the thyroid cartilage, and which fills ^yith air when they cry out. Tlieir tail is 

 ptTident, and takes no part in their movements ; [it varies in length from a tubercle to longer than the 

 body.] They produce early, but are not completely adult for four or five years. The period of gesta- 

 tion is seven months; during the rutting season the external generative organs of the femule became 

 excessively distended [as in the Eabiions]. Most of them [all] inhabit India [and its Archipelago. 



At least seven species have been ascertahied, the most remarkable of which is] 



The Maned Macaque or Wanderoo (.S7)/i. tSilcnus and leonhia, Lin.)— Black, with an ash-coloured mane and 

 whitish beard surrounding the hi.-ad. [Tail moderately lon^, and slif?htly tufted.] Inhabits Ceylon. 



[The Bonneted Macaque {3/. shticus), and the Toque {J/, radiahts), have the hairs on the top of the head dis- 

 posed as radii ; these, with the Hare-lipped M. (71/. qinomolgus), have long tails. In the Pip:-tailed Macaque 

 (J/, rhcuus), this appendage reaches little below the hamstrin.ij;s : it is shorter, thin, and wrinkled in tlie Brown 

 Macaque (3/. neinestrinu.s)^ and in the Black M. (J/, mger, Ben. ; Cij/ioceplialus nhjiT, Desin., and of Curim-'s 

 last edition), it is reduced to a mere tubercle. The Black Maeaque is wholly of that colour, with an erect tuft uf 

 hair on the top of its head ; its native country Celebes.] 



The Magots {Imtvs, Cnv.) 

 Mere Macaques, which have a small tubercle in place of a tail. [According to this definition, the 

 last-named species should be introduced here : the only known Magot, however, does not well range 

 with the others; its cranium is intermediate to those of the Macaci and Cynocep]iali~\. 



The Earbary Ma^ot {!^bn. sylvanus, pithecusy and inmis, Lin.)— Completely covered with greenish-brown hair. 

 Of all the tribe, this suflers least in our climates. Orip^^inally from Barbary, it is said to have become naturalized 

 on the Rock of Gibraltar.* [This well-known species, in its wild state, is both lively and remarkably intellii;"ent 

 at all aj^es ; but, subjected to the restraint of captivity, becomes sullen and unmanageable as it grows up ; forcibly 

 illustrating what has been stated in a note to the Oarangs.] 



Thc Baboons (Ci/noccphfiius, Cuv.), — 

 Together with the teeth, cheek-pouches, and callosities of the preceding, have an elongated muzzle 

 abruptly truncate at the end, where the nostrils are pierced, which gives it a greater resemblance to that 

 of a Dog than of other Monkeys ; their tail varies in length. They are generally large, ferocious, and 

 dangerous animals, of which the majority [all of them] inhabit Africa. 



[Some have the tail long and tufted, as the Gelada Baboon {Macacm gelada of Rupx>^\\). — This has the upper 



parts covered with very long hair, of a pale brown on the head, shoulders, and rump, blackish on the back ; a 

 dark medial line extends backwards from the forehead ; the extremities are black. A native of Abyssinia. 



The others have the hair grizzled or annulated. Such are the Tartarin Baboon {S/m. hamadryad, Lin.), of a 

 sli;,^htly bluish ash-colour (g^rizzled black and white); face flesh-coloured: inhabits Aralna and Ethiopia. The 

 Chacma B. {Sim. porcaria, Bodd. ; »S\ ursina, I'enu ; -S. sphyngiola, Herrn.), which is black, with a yellowish or 

 f,n-eenish S"!aze, particularly on the forehead ; the face and hands black, and the adult has a larti;e inane. From the 

 Cape of Good Hope. The Anubis B. (C. anubis, F. Cuv.), is another hu;^e Cape species, unifurmly j^rizzled black 

 and yellow ; the face black, and snout much elouf^ated. The Sphynx B. {Sim. sphyn.r, Lin., and it would appear 

 tVom descriptions, also, C. papio, Desm.), is likewise yellowish, more or less tinged with brown ; face black ; the 

 (■heek-tufts fulvous: inhabits Guinea. Lastly, the Babouin {Sim. cynoce}ihuiiis, F. Cuv.), has a shorter tail, 

 and coat more iiicliuiui; to greenish ; also whitish cheek-tufts, and flesh-coloured visage.] 



The Mandrills — 

 Are, of all the Monkey tribe, those which have the lonf^est muzzle (thirty de.ir-veest) ; their tail is very short ; they 

 are also extremely brutal and tVrocious ; nose as in the others. 



The Mandrill Baboon {Sim. malmon and mormon, Lin.)— Greyish brown, inclining' to olive above; a STiiall 

 citron-yellow beard on the chin ; cheeks blue and furrowed. The adult males have the nose red, particularly at 

 the end, where it is scarlet; the g;enital parts and those about the anus, are of the same colour; the buttocks are 

 of a fine violet. It is difficult to imagine a more hideous and extraordinary animal. It nearly attains the size of 

 a Man, and is a terror to the negroes of Guinea. Many details of its history have been mixed up with that of the 

 Chimpanzee, and consequently with that of the Curan^-outanff. 



llie lh-i!l {Sim. leucoplKva, F. Cuv.)— Yellowish grey, the visage black ; in old ones the coat becomes darker; 

 [the white hairs on the belly are much elongated], and the chin is bright red. 



[Hideous as the animals of this genus appear, and disgustingly deformed to those who have oidy seen them in 

 captivity, their adaptation to a peculiar mode of life is of course as exquisite as that of any other animal, and 

 rc(iuires only to be understood to command an amount of admiration, vchich must lessen to a considL'rable 



1 /■;//,(■<'/,! is tlic Greek name for Moiikevs in f cncral ; iithI (he nnu . spcuo, nil Ojat Giileo lins stated rcspcetiii; the anau.my oi liia 



of «h„h the anat.M.iv is given by (..Ucn w.s a .MrLKOt. riltboupl, Fithr,u^. 



CvmvcT iiious;ht it was on Oui-iing-out:»ntr. M ti-' BUiiiviUi )jcrccivLd I t The O^xrr^M^i w-ill bear comparison. —Ed. 



Uiis uiislaUe, ■J.W'fi I liavc proved it hv comiiuriiig with these two I 



