60 MAMMALIA. 



extent the abhorrence witli which we are apt to reganl them. It lias latelv heeu diseo\i.'reiI that t]ie\' chiefly 

 inhabit barren stony places, where they subsist, for the most part, upon scorpions ; to procure which they employ 

 their hands to lift up the numerous loose stones, under most of which one or more of these creatures commonly 

 He concealed; their stints they extract ^'ith dexterity. Accordiiifjly, we find that the Baboons are expressly 

 modified for traversing; the ground on all-fours, and arc furnished with efficient hands ; their eyes are peculiarly 

 placed, directed downwards alonti; the visa;^e. Want of space necessarily prevents us, g'enerally, from noticing 

 these hiL,^hly mterestini; relations, aft'orded by the special modifications of structure in reference to habit: but 

 we avail ourselves of the presLut instance (which is little known*) to call attention to them. 



"With the Ba'mons, the scries of Catarrmim (Gcof.) teriiiiuates ; and we may observe that the 

 Sim/ad(e fall under three principal divisions. First, that of the Apes, (comprising the Chimpanzee, 

 Ourangs, and Gihhons), tail-less genera, i.vhicli have the liver divided as in Jlan, an appendage 

 to the coecam, &c. Second, the slender-Urahed IMonkoys, ^vith sacculated stomachs and longer 

 intestines (or the Doncs, and most probably the Colohins), all of "which have exceedingly long tails. 

 Third, those with shorter and stouter limbs, a simple stomach, and tail varying in length from a 

 tubercle to longer than the body. These la^t (or the true i\Ionkeys, Macaques, Magots, and 

 Baboons), are all partly insectivorous ; and the habit menrinned of the IJabnons, i>i turning over stones 

 in quest of prey, applies perhaps more or less to ah of thi;n), but particularly to the Magot and some 

 IMonkcys. In the two fir^t divisions, the coat consists of <uily one sort of hair; in the la^t of two 

 sorts, the longer and coarser of which is mostly aiinulated witli two colours. It is rernarkafile that 

 none of the genera are common to Asia and Africa (one iJulioon ordy extending to Arabia), and, until 

 very recently, no remains of any had occurred in a fossil state ; lint the jaw of one said to be 

 allied to the Gibbons has lately been detected in a tertiary deposit, at Sanson, France ; and some bones, 

 adjudged to he those of Macaques, in the tertiary ranges of northern India.] 



The Monkey-like Animals of the Xf.w World, 



[Platyrrhini, Geo/.]. — ■ 



Have four jrvinders more than the others, thu'ty-six in all ; the tail [with very few excep- 

 tions] long;; no rheek-]iituches ; the biittcjcks hairy and without callosities; nostrils; (qicuint^ 

 on the sides of the nose, and not underneath ; [the thumbs of the anterior hands no lono-er 

 opposablet-] All the gi'cat Qaadrumana of America pertain to this division.;!; Their large in- 

 testines are less inflated, and their ca'cum lunger and more slender than in the preeedin"* 

 divisions. 



The tails of some of them are prehensile, that is tu say, their extremity can twist round a 

 body with sufficient force tu seize it as with a hand.§ t^uch have been designated Sapajous 

 {Cebus, Erxl.} 



At theu" head naay be jtlaeed the 



Stentors (M;/ce/es, llliger), — 

 Or Howling Monkeys [Jhuaffes of the French], which are distinguished by a pvTainidal liead, the 

 upper jaw of which descends nuich below the ei'anium, v>liile the branches of the lower nne asceml 

 very high, for the pmpose of lodging a bony drmn, formed by a vesicular inflation of the hvoid bone, 

 which communicates with their larynx, and imparts to their voice prodigious vohime and a most 

 frightful sound. Hence the appellations which have been bestowed on tiicm. The prehensile portion 

 of their tail is naked beneath. 



[The Rufous Stentor (Sim. senicidiis, BuH^, Supp. vii. 25), the Ursine Stentor {S/<.>i!ur Ki-ihuix, Gi-off.], imd 

 at least five other species, are now tolerably established. They are shaggy animals, averaging the size of a Fox, 

 of different shades of brown or blackish, the females of some being differently coloured from the males ; such is 

 i)/. ftaria^w*, Spix, pi. 32, of which the male is black and bearded, the female and young pale yellowish-grey. || 

 They are of an indolent and social disposition, and grave deportment ; utter their hideous yells and huwding by 

 night ; subsist on fruits and fohage, and are deemed good eating.] 



• Fur Iht; LiiformfHii.ui curiimiiiLic;iti-J, wc ^rc influlUcd lo Dr. A. 5 Tliis ori,^nn possc^siiiK in iin ennncm ricjrrcc tlic .stnsu lif toucli, 



SmUli, Uic i;oriductor of the South African cxpu'clitiuri from Ihu Cn],^j where thi; elinrautcr is must dcvL-loped.— Kd. 



colony.— Kd. [I Cuvier atcorcliiiKiy auyifests, inadvertently, tli.it the M . strnmincu-: 



t Tliev lire Dut «lit,'hMy ko in many i.f the Si-niiichc—Y.-D. Spix. pi. 31, which is entirely of a straw-yellow tuioiir. may be the 



: Uy til is is mcajii, Unit (lie Mi.niiusels iin^l Tamimns (OinM\th o( female of some Other ; Spix, howtver, fifiircs a male.— Kd. 

 our iiutllur) are e.Vi.ludcd from the Keiiuralizatioii.— Ed. 



