76 



MAMMALIA. 



Many of the foregoiDg animals fly witii their young invoived in the interfe moral membrane. The 

 extrenjity of the tail in some is slightly prehensile. 



We would I'umarkj here, that the order Primnrla, indicated at p. 43, resolves into two 

 primary sections, of which the second is constituted by the Cheiroptera, as opposed to the 

 rcraaindei', or the Bimana and Quadrumana of Cuvier. We regard the Cheiroptera as 

 divisible into two groups only of the value of families, namely, Pteropida', comprising the 

 frugivorous genera, and Vespertilionidce, comprehending all the remamder, which may pro- 

 bably be reduced to seven or eight primary divisions. The remains of insectivorous Cheiroptera 

 have been detected in the European tertiary deposits.]'^ 



Tjie Colugos [Gah^opUhecus, Pallas) — 

 Differ generically from the Bats in having their fingers, which are armed with trenchant nails, no 

 longer than the toes, so that the membrane which occupies their intervals, and extends to the sides of 

 the tail, can only oflieiate as a parachute. Their canines are dentelated, and as short as the molars. 

 They have two [four] dentelated incisors above, very widely apart; six below f, split into narrow 



strips like a comb, a structure altogether pe- 

 culiar. These animals Uve on the trees in the 

 Indian archipelago, and pm'sue insects, and per- 

 haps birds; to judge from the detrition which 

 their teeth experience with age, they would ap- 

 pear to subsist also upon fruits. They have a 

 large cacam. 



[This remarkable genus accords chiefly with the 

 Bats ill the adaptive structure of its hind extremities, 

 and in the tail being completely attached to interfe- 

 moval membrane : the molars, also, are sharply tuber- 

 culatea, implying an insectivorous regimen, at least 

 in part ; but this character is common to several iS'/zT^- 

 sirrliini : there is also a tendency to an opposable 

 power in both the fore and hind thumbs. The 

 general anatomy agrees very closely with that of the 

 Lemurs ; one marked feature in which it ditiers from 

 the Baty is, the presence of a large ccecum, as intimated 

 by Cuvier. The orbits of the skidl, thou;;h raised, 

 are much less approximated than in the Lenmrs, aud 

 incomplete; in which respect this fi^enus chieily devi- 

 VM" 7^ \ ates from the type of the Quadrurnana. A parachute 

 "" ^"^ membrane occurs, likewise, among the Squirrels aud 

 S Phalangers, only not extending to the tail, as in the 

 present instance; this, therefore,is merely an adaptive 

 character of minor importance. Liunteus designated 

 the only species he knew Lemur volans. 



" T\\o species," remarks Temrainck, " are strongly 

 characterized by their osteology ;" which maybe pre- 

 sumed to be those provisionally named by Waterhouse 

 G. Temmincliii, and G. phiUpphiensis, both of which are extremely variable in colour. The fonner is more exten- 

 sively diffused, and superior in its linear dimensions, but with smaller hands and ears ; its teeth are separated by 

 intervals, and the parietal ridges of the cranium are widely apart : in the latter there are no interspaces between 

 the teeth, which are much stouter and broader; the jaw is accordingly much stronger, and to impart ad- 

 ditional vigour to the muscles which operate upon it, the parietal ridges, to which they are attached, almost meet 

 on the occiput. They inhabit lofty trees in dark woods ; to which they cling with all four extremities, and traverse 

 easily by means of their strong and extremely compressed, very hitching claws ; they also leap and float a dis- 

 tance of a hundred yards in an inclined plane, supported by the membrane. They are very inoiTensive animals, 

 subsisting in part on the leaves of the nanka, or jack-fruit ; and when captured, do not attempt to bite, as has often 





— Guloaopittieoupi Temihinckil. 



* Our pimi only perniiuiiig ua to clans those animnlj ihe chnractera 

 of ^^'llil:ll we have pcrsunally ascertained, or from very complete 

 (Jescriptioiis and figures, we have been oblij^ed to omit several genera 

 of WM. HiifxnCBciue, Loiich, &c. ; ami may here observe that there is 

 iin (^cuiip of aiumak "LilIi btaiids more ki need of revisiou than 



thiU of the Bdts— a revising from Natun.', 

 [Their mutuiil afiiiiitieH particularly require < 

 t Analogy with the Lemurs imimatea tl 

 represent the canines. — Ed. 



