4D2 



IN.SECTA. 



The first se'ctlon comprises the Pentameray or those wliich have five joints in all tlie tarsi, 

 and which consist n( sij; fnyailies, of which the first two arc (Iistinji;uishc(l by the possession of" 

 a double cxeremcntitial apparatus."^ 



THE FIRST FAMILY OF THE COLEOPTERA PENTAMERA — 



Cauxivora, Cuv. {Adojjhaija, Clair.), — f 

 ^Vh^ch lias two pal[)L to each imixilla, or six in the whole. Tlic antennae are almost always thread- 

 like or setaccdiis, and simple. The maxilla? arc terminated hy a scaly piece or sleiidi.T hook ; and the 

 inner edge is furnished with liairs or small spines. The tonguelet is received in a notch of the 

 nicntum. The two fore-legs are inserted upon the sides of a compressed sternum, by means of a 

 large rotule ; the posterior pair have a strong trochanter at the base ; their basal joint is large, and 

 appears to be soldered with the post-sternum, in the form of a cniribnear triangle, with tlie outer 

 ti\'^(i excavated. 



These insects haul after and devour otlicr insects; many have no wings under the elytra. Tlie 

 anterior tai"si in nian\' of the males are dilated. 



Their larvrc are also very carnivorous. They have, in general, the body cyhndric, elongated, and 

 eompo^ed of twelve joints; the head (not cininted in this number) is large, scaly, armed with two 

 strong mandibles bent upwards at the point, with two short conical antenna?, two maxilla:-, divided into 

 two branches, of which one is formed by the palpus ; a tongnelct, bearing two short palpi; and six 

 small smooth eyes on each side. The first segment is covered by a scaly plate : the others are softer. 

 Each of the anterior segments bears a pair of feet, of which the extremity is curved in front. These 

 larvae differ according to the genera. Those of the Cieindeia^, and Aristus hucephalus, have the upper 

 side of the head deeply impressed in the middle, with its under side very globose. They have on each 

 side two of the small smooth eyes much larger than the rest. The upper plate of the fore segment is 

 large, and like a semicircular shield. The eighth segment has upon the back two hooked tubercles. 

 The last segment has no particular appendages. 



In the other larva? of this family with which we are acquainted, with the cxeeplion of Omophron, 

 the head is not so strong and regular on its upjicr side. The ocelli are very smah, and all alike. 

 The scaly back of the first si-gment is square, and docs not extend beyond the side of the body. The 

 eighth segment is destitute of tubercles, and the last is ternuuated by two conical apiJcndages, as well 

 as a membranous tube, formed of the elongation of the anal apparatus. These eouical appendages are 

 corneous and toothed in the larvse of Calosoma and Carabus : they are fleshy, articulated, and longer in 

 the Harpah and Lieiui. The form of the mauilibles approaches that of the perfect Beetles. The larvr-e 

 of Oiiiophron Umhaim, according to Desmarest, is of a conical form, with a large head, and two very 

 strong mandibles, and with only two eyes: the extremity of its body, which is gradually narrowed, is 

 terminated by an appendage of four joints. I have only counted two in those of the larvae of the 

 Lieiui and ITarpali. 



These insects are either terrcstnal or aquatic. 



Tlie terrestrial Carnivora have the legs fit only for running; the four poslerior are inserted at 

 equal distances apart: the manddilcs are entirely exposed; the terminal piece of the maxilhe straight 

 beucatli, and bent only at the tip ; the body generally oblong, with the eyes prominent. All the 

 tracheae are tubular or elastic. The intestine is furnished with two small sacs, which secrete an acrid 

 humour. M. L. Dufour has presented (in the Jnnalos dea Scifnces Nahirelles, vol. viii. p. 30.) a 

 resume of the anatomical characters of these insects, [from which it appears that the digestive tube is 

 not more than twice the length of the body ; the gizzard is armed interiorly wdth moveable corneous 



the forms of ttieir lurva; j he Imi, linwcvcr, only given n slii;lit sketch, 

 which reci-'iit discivcrles di> not seem tu support, Mr. KirUy hns 

 also proposed rmothi^r arrangement in Uie Fauna Borenlis AmericariiL, 

 founded exclusively upon tliu gcnernl structure of the perfect insect.] 

 ' LiiiutGua, Fahricius, find their followers commence the iirrringe- 

 mciil of the Beetles with the genus Starabicus : which comprises 

 K.,inc of the most Iiulky of the insect irihes, ns, for tnstnnce. the Rhi- 

 nocerns, Eleplinnt, and Ooliuih Beetles. The rimiiicenient of LiitrciUe 



vird I 



Is 11 [I |. 



<•( tljL- 



cntory or^jnns of the AdeiiluL^^n, anil c,-,]ieci. 

 of their possessiiiir two puirs of pnlpi to , 

 Hope, in the preface to the seconf] purt of 

 Ikls supported the Linncean arrnniremciit wi 

 t This fftiiiily, one of the most cxtetisi 

 been illustrated hy Weber, Clairville, Bond 



in his Spcvii 



■of, [now completed by hiii 

 iiiucd hy Dr. Atibo, as rcyr 



ficli of the uiaxill. 

 lis Colcoptcrist's Mnuu 

 h various ari;umentH.J 

 .'e of the insect tribes, h 

 id especiiilly by Dejc 



Mr. 



self, t 



rejr:irds the limd 

 ;uiu.Ltk speue.j. 



