COLEOPTERA. 



525 



"^^==2^::^ 



differ from the females in being armed with pecuhar liorns or tiiljercles either on the licad or thorax ; 

 the laljrum is generally entirely concealed ■, in some speeies the maxillre are terminated by a simple coria- 

 ceonsor crustaeeoLis lobe, without teeth ; in others tliey are scaly, pointed, and armed v.-\t\\ a few teeth ; 

 the sternum is not prominent ; the tarsal ungues are generally equal, the colours generally black or brown. 

 Oryctes, Illiff. (liavin^i; tlie le2;s scarcely differing; in length, with the four hind tibiee thick and toothed, [a very 

 numerous f^^enus] — type, Scnr. nasicornis, Linn., a reputcii British species, 1^ inch lent;-, the malehavinij a curved 

 horn on the head,) and Agaccpliala, Mann, (having the fore-legs in the male considerably elongated, and the four 

 jiusteriur tibia?, slender, and comprising a few Brazilian insects), dilfer from the following in having the niaxillcc 

 terminated by a coriaceous lobe without teeth. The others have thetn horny, and more or less toothed. 



Scarabfeiia proper {Geotrupes, Fabr.), has the body very thick, and the outside of the mandibles sinuated or 

 toothed. The equatorial countries of both hemispheres produce some very remarkable species. 



[Mr. Mac Leay, considering that the name tScaraOceus ought to be retained for the sacred Scarabcci, or the Ateuchi 

 of this work, and that the name Geofrupes ought to be given to the species which strictly merit that name, from 

 their habits of burrowing into the ground, has proposed the iiameof D>/nas(esfov these giant beetles here described 

 under the name of Scaraba;us. Mr. Kirby has further separated some species, especially in his manuscripts 

 jircsented to the Entomological Society, founded upon the sti-ucture of the mouth, and which Mr. Hope has made 

 use of in his Cdlcnpii-naVs Manual, part i., in which many new genera are described and illustrated, with figures 

 mostly drawn by me from Mr.Kiihy's own dissections, so that the observation of Latreille, that the study of this group, 



in respect to the structure of the mouth, has not 

 been sufficiently profound, is no longer to be made. 

 The st>ecies are very numerous ; one of the largest is] 

 Scarabt-Cus hcrcuh's, Linn. — Five inches long; 

 from South America, black, ^vith grey elytra spotted 

 with I'lack. 



Phileuras, Latr., has the body depressed, and the 

 mandibles narrow, without teeth on the outside. 

 [Composed of exotic species.] 



Our second division [RufeUrhe, Mac L.] is 

 nearly allied to the preceding in some respects, 

 and also to the Melolonthai and some Cetonis; 

 of which they have the appearance, hut the month is different. Tlic body is shorter, rounder, and more 

 Itolished tlian in the Scaral)oei, and ornamented with brilhant colours. The head and thorax are 

 ideiitical, and not cornuted in either sex ; the maxilla; are scaly, truncated at tlie tip, with five or six 

 strong teeth. The mcsosternuni is often porrected, the scutcUum large, and the tarsal clawb unequal- 

 sized. With few exceptions, they are confined to the equatorial regions of the New World, 



lliwodoii, Oliv., has the mesosternum simple, the body sub-orbicular, depressed, legs slender, and tarsal claws 

 minute and equal. [Composed of two African species.] 



Cifchcephala, Latr, (C/ialepus,Mnc Leay),has the sternum also simple, the body ovoid, the tarsal claws unequal. 

 Numerous South American species. In the following the sternum is advanced between the middle feet. 



Chri/sop/iora, Dej., has t\ie hind legs of the males enormously dilated and elongated. Scarabceus macropus, 

 [Francillon, from South America], 



Rutela, Latr. (and Peiidnota, Mac I-rf'ay, Oplognaihus, Kug.), has the feet not remarkably differing in the sexes, 

 the scutelUmi small, or moderate. 

 Maciaspis, Mac Leay, diflVrs in having a greatly developed scutellum, and the mandibles nearly triangular. 

 Chasmodia, Mac Leay, has a large sciitcliuni and eternal point, but the mandibles are narrow, and obtuse at the 

 tip : all the tarsal claws are entire. 



Omctls, Latr., ditlers from the above in having the epimera developed between the hind angles of the thorax 

 anil shoulders of the elytra. 



The genus Meloloniha, of Fahricius, constitutes our fourth and fifth sections. 



The fourth section {Plnjllophaga), is formed of Scaraba?ides, nearly alUed to the last described sub- 

 genera, hut the mandibles are concealed above by the clypeus, and bcnea'h by the maxiUns, the outer 

 edge being alone exposed ; they are destitute of any sinus or tooth on the outside; the number of joints 

 in the antennae varies from eight to ten, that of the club also varies, and, in this respect, the sexes often 

 differ ; the elytra are united along the whole length of suture. 



[This section comprises Mac Lcay's two families, JnoplognatJddm and MeloIrmfJudcp.] 

 The first division {Anoplognathides) has the clypeus thickened in front, forming alone, or with the 

 labrnni, a vertical triangular face, the point of which is applied to the mentum ; the maxilhe of some 

 arc terminated by a coriaceous or mcmln-anous lol)e, very long, and without teeth, or having but very 

 small ones, and situated near tlie middle of the internal margin ; in others they arc entirely horny, 

 rcscmijlins mandibles either entire at the tips, or terminated by two other teeth. 



