COLEOPTERA. 533 



THE SECOND FAMILY OF THE COLEOPTERA HETEROMERA,— 

 The Taxicornes, — 

 Have no corneous hook on the inner edge of the maxillae; they are also furnished with wings ; the body 

 is often square ; the thorax trapezoid or semicircular, and concealing or receiving the head ; in some the 

 antenna?, generally inserted beneath the produced margin of the sides of the head, are short, more or 

 less perfoliated, gradually thickened, or terminating in a mass. The feet are fit only for running, and 

 all the joints of the tarsi are entire, and terminated by simple hooks ; the fore-tibise often broad and 

 triangular ; many males have the head furnished with horns. The majority of these beetles are found 

 in fungi growing on trees, or beneath the bark ; others live in the ground, under stones. 



Some, forming tlie first tribe, Viaperalcs, have the head entirely exposed, and never entirely received 

 in a deep notch of the front of the tiiorax, which is either trapezoid, square, or subcylindric, its sides 

 like those of the elytra, not formnig a decided margin to the body. Tliis tribe has for its type the 



genus 



D'APEurs, — 

 Of which -some have tlie antenna thick, straight, and perfoliated or clavate. 



Phalena^ Latr. {Utoma and Phaleria, Dej.), has the fore-tibi<E broad anil trian;;(ilar, the body ovoid, and the an- 

 tennfe not terminated by a club. A numerous subgenus, divided by Dejean into several otber.s, the type, Tc/ie- 

 brio eadaverinus [the only British species found on tlie coast], bein<:^ retained as the type of Plialeria. 



Ulnperis proper, has the fore-legs narrow and nearly linear, witli tlie maxillary palpi teniinialed by a sub- 

 cylindrical joint. Type, Z>(f/jjer/j 6o/f^/ [a handsome but rare British species], nearly one tliird of an inch long, 

 black, with three dentate bands of orange on the elytra. 



[The insects of this genus have formed the subject of a valuable monograph by Laporte and Brulle, in the An- 

 ludes des Sci. Nat.] 



Hi/pop/il(Cus, Fabr., differs from the preceding in the linear form of the body. They arc found under the bark 

 of trees. //. castaneus, [a rare British species]. 



The three following have the antenna? terminated by an abrupt club, composed at least of four joints. 



Tracluiscelis, Latr., with the antennai scarcely larger than the head, having a G-jointed club ; body thick, convex, 

 and tibiie broad and fossorial. [T. AphodioideSt a reputed Biatish species of small size.] 



Lcioides, Latr. {Anisotoma, Illig.), differs in having the tibiae narrow and spinose, club of antenna? 5-jointed. [A 

 very numerous genus, of minute species.] 



Teiratoma^ Herbst., has tlie body longer, and the club of the antenna^ t-jointed. [T./cuiijonun, and several other 

 British species of small size, found in fungi.] 



The antenna? in the others are curved, and terminated by a 5 or 3-jointed perfoliated club ; the palpi filiform, 

 tlie head of the males often cornuted. They are found in boleti growing on trees : they form the genus Eledona, 

 Latr., Boletophatjtis, Fab. 



Coxeliis has the three terminal joints alone of the antenna: forming Ihe club. (C. spinulosiis.) 



The second tribe of the Taxicornes, the Cosxyphenes, is formed of species resembling, in the general 

 form of the bodv, Pelfis, Kitiihda, and Cassida, being ovoid or subhemispherical, margined all round 

 bv the dilated edges of the thorax and elytra; the head entirely hidden beneath the thorax, or received 

 into a very deep notch in the front of this part of the body ; the maxillary palpi are hatcliet-shaped. 

 This tribe is composed of the genus 



COSSYPHUS, Oliv. 

 Cossyphus proper, having tlie front of the thorax entire and produced over the head, (consisting of exotic 



species,) and 



Ildceus, Latr., with the head received in a deep frontal notch of the thorax, or exposed through a central aperture 

 (composed of Australian species), have the body flattened and shield-shaped, whilst in 



Xdio, Latr., it is nearly hemispherical, with the head also exposed. [Composed of e.votic species, having much 

 the appearance of Lady-birds.] 



THE THIRD FAMILY OF THE COLEOPTERA HETEROMERA,— 

 The Stenelytr.a, — 

 Differs from the preceding only in the anteiina\ which are neither inoniliforra nor perfoliated, and in 

 which the tip is not generally thickened. The body is often oblong, arched above, with the feet long; 

 the males closely resemble the females. These insects are generally much more active than the preceding ; 

 some are found under the bark of old trees, but many frequent the leaves and flowers; the greater num- 

 ber were united by Linnaeus with the genus Tenebrio ; but he arranged others with Necydalis, 



