COLEOPTERA. 545 



iieail is immerseJ as deep as these organs in the thorax, not being separated by a sudden necli ; in many 

 it is vertical. 



Some of these have the terminal joint of the palpi either conical or triajigiilar, or cyliudric and 

 tniiicatcd at tlie tip ; the terminal lobe of the maxillEe is straight, (not inwardly curved at the tip) ; the 

 head is generally porrected, or but slightly inclined ; and in those few which have it vertical {Dorcacerns), 

 it is nearly as broad as the body, and the antenna' are very wide apart at the base, and spinose ; the 

 thorax often very rough, and rarely cylindrical. These Longicorncs compose two principal groups or 

 tribes, [Prioitii and Cerambijcini~\. 



1. The Prionii have, for their characters, labrura wanting or very small, and scarcely distinct ; man- 

 dibles very strong and large, especially in the males ; inner lobe of the maxilla; wanting, or very small ; 

 antenna; inserted near the base of the mandibles, or the notch of the eyes, but not encircled by them at 

 the base ; thorax often trapezoid or square, crenulated, or toothed at the sides. 



Paraiidra, Latr., has the antenna simple, nearly nioniUtorm, compressed, not lunger tlian the tliorax, and the 

 terminal lobe of the maxillte small, scarcely reachinp^ beyond the basal juint of the palpi ; it is more especially 

 di&tin<;uished by the horny tonguelet in the form of a very short transverse segment of a circle, neither notched nor 

 lobed in front, and by the tarsi having the penultimate joint scarcely bilobed, and the last joint longer than all the 

 rest, with two seta; at the tip of a small appendage between the claws. The body isparallellipiped, [and vei'y shiiiingj. 

 The species are peculiar to America. Type, P. Ucvis, Latr. 



t^pondiilis, Fabr., approaches Parandra in the form of its antenna; and maxillary lobps, bat it has the toiiguelet 

 as in all the rest of the Longicornes, menibranons, heart-shaped ; the penultimate joint of the tarsi is deeply bilobud, 

 and it is destitute of the setigerous appendage between the claws. «S'. btiprestoides, Linn., 6 or 7 linae long. [In- 

 habits the North of Europe.] 



Prionus. — The thii'd and last ;?enus of this tribe has the antenna? longer than the head and thorax, seri'ated or 

 pectinated in some, simple and slender at the tips, ami with elongated joints in others ; the terminal lube of the 

 maxilla? is at least as longas the two basal joints of the palpi ; the body is generally depressed, with the thor.ax square 

 or trapezoid, and either toothed, spined, or angular at the sides. 



These insects only fly in the evening or duiing the ni^ht, and always settle upon trees. Some exotic species are 

 remarkable for their size, and the enormous devclopement of their mandibles. The larva; of Prwuus cervi- 

 cornis, whicli lives in the wood of the Gossampiuus tree, is eaten [by the natives of South America]. 



This genus comprises a very great number of species, which, from the variety in the form and size of their 

 mandibles, antennas, thorax, and abdomen, are divisible into many smaller subgenera, described by M. Serville, [in 

 the memoir above alluded to]. Some of the species have the body elongated, straight, wdth the thorax much shorter 

 than the abdomen, and greatly curved at the sides, and the mandibles of large size in the males. Amongst these 

 are the continental species, P. scabricornis, and many large exotic species. 



Others have the body not so oblong, somewhat depressed in front, and with moderate-sized maiulibles in both 

 se.xcs, and the antennre strongly serrated in the males. Amongst these is 



Prionus coriarius [the only British species], an inch and a half long, and of a brown black colour. It lives in the 

 larva state in the rotten trunks of oaks, &:c. : when ready to undergo its tratisfurniation, it forms a hole in the 

 earth. 



Anacolus, Lep. and Serv., has the elytra small and triangular. [Brazilian insects.] 



Other species, of varied and often metallic colours, have the body shorter and broader, nearly oval, the antenna; 

 simple, the head prolonged behind the eyes, &c. 



The Ceranihycini have the labrum very distinct, and extending across the entire front of the head ; 

 the two maxillary lobes are very distinct and exserted ; the mandibles of the ordinary size, and ahke 

 or scarcely differing in the two sexes ; the eyes always notched ; the antennffi ordinarily as long as, 

 or longer than the body ; the thighs, or at least the four anterior, are generally clavatc, being slen- 

 der at the base. 



We arrange in the first place those which have the last joint of the palpi evidently thicker than the 

 preceding, of a triangidar or conical form ; the bead not being materially narrowed, and prolonged in 

 front like a mtizzle, the thorax not dilated from the front to thehirnl part, and the elytra not in the 

 shape of small scales, nor suddenly narrowed from the base and terminated like an awd. These con- 

 stitute the normal group of the Ceranihycini, the others being in several respects anomalous, the last 

 of which appear to connect this tribe with the follovring. They compose the genera Cerambyx, Clytus, 

 CaUidium, ami part of Stenocorus, Fabr. They are the Cerambyx of Linna;us, to which some of his 

 Le|)tui\'C are to he united. IModern Entomologists [especially Serville,] have greatly augmented the 

 number of their generic groups, hut their characters are so slight that they may be reduced to one, — 



Cekamby.x. 



A "-reat number of species, all from South America, propnrtionably shorter and broader than the fnllownig, vi-,,h 

 N e antenna; often peelinated serrated, or spined, are remaikable for the extent of the thorax, of wliirb the len;?th 



N N 



