5G8 



INSECTA. 



Tlie Cicadae are found upon treos, or slinibs, of uliirh tliey suck tlie sap. The furuale jiiorrcs tlir small t\vip;s of 

 dead branches of trees as far as the pith with its ovipositor, lodged in a semi-tubular sheath fui'ined of two val\'es, 

 and composed of three scaly pieces of a narrow and eloiif^ated form, two of which are terminated like a file, in 

 order to deposit their egii;s therein, the number of wliicli bein^ ji;reat, the female makes a succession of slits, the 

 place of which is indicated by so many elevations on tlie exterior. The young; larvae quit their birth-place, how- 

 ever, in order to descend into the ground, \\here they increase in size and become pups. Their fore-leg's are short, 

 the fore thig-hs being very strong, and armed with teeth, fitted for burrowing in the earth. The Greeks devoured 

 tlie pupa:, which they called Tettigomeira;, as well as the perfect insect. Before coupling the males were preferred, 

 but afterwards the females were selected, being filled with eggs. The Chni/n Onni, by puncturing the elm, causes 

 it to discharge the saccharine purgative fluid which has been termed manua. 



[The genus is very numerous, and the species are found in all the warmer regions of the globe, some being of 

 large size. In England we, however, possess but a single species, winch has been figured by Curtis under the 

 name of C. anglica. It has only occurred in the New Forest, in Hampshire.} 



The species which have a slit on the upper side of the abdomen, exposing t!ie timbale, such as C. Ji<r:m'itodcs, &c., 

 compose the genus T/hiccti of my Fam. Nat. C. on>i, Fab., may in this respect form another genus. [.See 

 the monographs uf Gerniar.] 



The other Cicadarirc {Mueftes) have only three distinct joints to the antennte, and two small ocelli. 

 Their legs are in general fitted for leaping ; neither of the sexes is furnished with organs for the pro- 

 duction of sound. 



The wing-covers are often coriaceous and opaqne ; many of the females envelope their eggs in a 

 white cottony mass. 



Some of these {Fuhjordlai) have the antennre inserted immediately heneatli the eyes, and the fore- 

 head is often prolonged into a muzzle, varying in figure according to the species. Tliis ia the disliu- 

 guishing character of the genus 



FuLG0RA,Linn. 



The species in which the forehead is advanced, with two ocelli, and which have no appendage beneath the 

 antenna, are the true Fnlgortc of Fabricius. Such is Fulgora lateniaria, Linn., a very large species, varied with 



yellow and red, with a large eye-like spot on each of the hind 

 wings ; the muzzle is very much dilated, and vesicular. Ac- 

 cording to some travellers, this insect is affirmed to emit a very 

 strong light during the dusk. [It is an inhabitant of South 

 America. The statement of its luminous properties, originating 

 with I\Iadame I\Ierian, requires confirmation. The species of 

 the true genus Fulgora are rather numerous, extraordinary' in 

 their forms and colours, and widely dispersed. 1 have piiblished 

 a monograph, with figures of many new species, in the last part 

 of the Lhniccan Transact/on^.'} 



The south of Europe possesses a small species belonging to 

 the same genus, F. curopa-a: [Ijelong to the subgenus Divlijo- 

 phara, Burm.] 



Other Cicadarice, with the forehead advanced, but wanting ocelli, and having two slender appendages beneath 

 each antenna, compose the- genus Otiocerus, Kirby {Cobax, Germar). [Small American insects, monographed 

 by Kirby.] 



Those in winch the heail is not remarkably lu-odneed in front arc farmed by Fabricius into several genera, to 

 which others subsequently established, [especially by Germar, Gucilii, and P.urmeistei-,] must be added. 



Sometimes the antennae are shorter than the head, inserted at a distance from the eyes, in some of which the two 

 ocelli are distinct. 



Lustra, Fab., similar, at first sight, to small Cicadre. The body and wing-covers are elongated, the second joint 

 of the antennas is nearly globular, and granular, as in the Fulgorce. 



Cixiusy Latr., resembles Lystra, but the second joint of the antennre is cylindric and entire. The genns Arhiliis, 

 K. [founded upon an Australian species, A. fiammeus, K.] scarcely ditfers from Cixins, 



1 have separated, under the generic name of Tittlgomctra, insects analogous to the preceding, but in which the 

 antenna; are lodged between the posterior and lateral angles of the head and those of the anterior extremity of 

 the thorax. The eyes are not prominent. [Small European insects.] Cir/idea, Gerniar. appears to be closely 

 allied to Tettigometra, of which they have the aspect, and are described as having the anteinue inserted beneath 

 (he eyes. 

 In the others the ocelli are wanting. 



The species which have the wing-covers large, and the x)rothorax evidently shorter in the middle than the 

 niesothorax, compose the subgenus Pa.' diopter a, Latr., Flata, Fabr. 



Issus, Fab., is composed of those species in which the jirothorax is at least as long as the niesothorax, and 

 the wing-covers, shorter, or as long -as the abdomen, are dilated at the base, and subscijueutly narrowed. 



Fiff. 99.- 



