PISCES. 



GC3 



brought togetner. ana moes that are really allied being widely separated. The follomng classification, whicn 13 

 that of Prolessor Miiller, slightly modified by Professor Owen, being founded on the general organizatio^i of the 

 animals it includes, has more title to be considered a imtural one, and represents the nearest approach to a perfect 

 arrangement which the present state of knowledge admits. 



Order I.-DERMOrTERI. 



Internal skeleton unossified; integument and vertical Una muco-dermoid; vermiform, or abrachial and apodal ; 

 no pancreas, no air bladder. 



Sub-order 1. Pn-VRTNGouitANcnii, (or Cirrhostomi.) Gills free, pharj-ngeal, inoperculate ; no heart. 



FamUy. — Amphioxid<B. Examj)le. — Lancelet, 

 Sub-order 2. MABSiPOisnANCHti, (or Cyclostomi.) Gills fixed, bursiform, inoperculate, receiving the respiratory 

 streams by apertures usually nnmorous and lateral, distinct from the mouth ; a heart. 



Famili/.—Mi/xuioidei. Example. —^lyxine or Hag, Family. — Petromyzonticke. Example. — Lamprey. 



Ohder II.-MALACOPTERL 



Internal skeleton ossified ; external skeleton inmost as cycloid, in a few as ganoid, scales ; fins supported by 

 rays, all, save the first sometimes in the dorsal and pectoral, soft or jointed; abdominal or apodal ; gills free, 

 0]icrcuIate ; a swim-bladder and air duct. 



Sub-order 1. Apodes. 



FamUy. — SymhrancMd<x. Example.— Cuelr 

 Family. — Oymnotidm. 

 Sub-order 2. ARDOMiNiLES. 



Family. — Heteropygu. Example. — Amblyopsis. 

 C'lvpcldm. Herring. 



Salmx>nidce. Salmon. 



Scopelidce. Saurus. 



Ckaracini. Myletes. 



Family. — Siluri'Jai Example 



Family - ^fllr':cinl1'T:. 

 E.ram}'le-—Gymnuta?. 



Example. — Eel. 



FamVy. 



'Oala.ridrc, 

 Esocidcc. 

 Mormyri-dw 

 CyprinodontidcE 

 CyprinidcB 

 Sbeat Fish. 



Example. — Galaxias. 

 Pike. 



Mormyrus. 

 Umber. 

 Carp. 



ORPEfl III.— PHARYNGOGNATIII. 



Internal skeleton bony; external '^kelutim in some as cycloid, in others as cteuoid, scales ; inferior pharyngeal 

 bones coalesced; swim-bladder wlthi.mt. dact. 

 Sub-order 1. MALicopTEKTfiii. 



Fiim'dy. — Scomhci'-cs'Tcid'y;. E.zample. — Saury-pike. 

 Sub-or-der 2. AcANTHOPXERTf-n. 



Family. — Chromida 



Example. — Chromis. 

 Family — Cteno-Lahridcc, 



Family. — CydO'Lol>rid'.e. Examphi — Wrasse. 

 Example. — roiiiaccntrus. 



Order IV.— ANACANTIIINI. 



Internal skeleton ossified ; external skeleton in some as cycloid, in others as ctenoid, scales ; fins supported by 

 flexible or jointed rays ; ven trials beneath tlie pectorals, or none; swini-bladder without air duct. 

 Sub-urder 1. Apodes, 



Family, — Opkldida: Example. — Ophidium, 

 Sub-order 2. Thoracici. 



Family. — Oadid<B. i^Tamjjie.— Cod Family .—Pleuronectidnc. Example. —Vl^ice. 



Order V - ACANTIIOrTERI. 



Internal skeleton ossified ; external skeleton as ctenoid senles ; fins n-itb one or more of the first rays unjointed 

 or inflexible spines ; ventrals in most beneath, or in advance of the pectorals; swim bladder without duct. 

 Example. Family. 



Perch. Squamipcanes. 



Gurnard. Twnioidei. 



Maigre. Tbeidyldo:. 



An abas. Fistularidce. 



Mullet. Gobiidcc. 



Notacanth. Blenniidw . 



Mackerel. Lophiidcc. 



Family. 



Percido!. 



Sclerogenid-m. 



Scieeiiidai. 



LahyrinthihrancMi 



Mvgilidec. 



Not^xcantliidCE . 



ScomberidcE. 



Example. 

 Chffitodon. 

 Riband-fish. 

 Lancet-fish. 

 Pipe-mouth-fish. 

 Goby, Remora, and Lump-fish. 

 Elennj and Wolf-fish. 

 Angler. 



Order VI.-FLEGTOCtNATIII. 



Internal skeleton partially ossified; external skeleton as ganoid scales or spines; masillaries and pre-maxllla- 

 rics fixed together; swim-bladder mthout air ducts. 



Family.— BalisUnm. £,Tam/.ie.— File-fish. Family .— Ostracioncs. -E.Ta77?_p^ —Trunk-fish. 



Family.— Gymnodontes. Example. — Globe-fish 



