690 INSECTA. 



Lapponica of the latter nuLhor. The classification pi'opuSL-d in the "Diptera Scandinavix" (which is a modifi- 

 catiun of that in the Insecta Lapponica, is as follows :— 



Class I. Bracbycera. AntenniE, two- (or three-) jointeil ; Taljii, two- (or three-) jointed. 

 Order 1, Poljchocta. Haustcllum, witli four or six lancets, &c. 



Section 1. Antennc-e with the third joint annuUted, without any apical style. This section comprises 



the families— 1. Tabanii. 'I. Xylopbagii. And -3. Strationjyd;c. 

 Section 2. Antennaj with tlie third joint not annulated (generally without a dorsal seta). Families— 

 i. Asilici ; 6. Bombyliarii ; G. Anthracides ; 7. Leptides ; 8. Acrocerina? ; 9, Ilyhotidie ; 10. Tacby- 

 droniides ; H.Empidiai ; VI. Dohchopodes ; 13. Syrphici {this family liaving a dorsul seta to the 

 antL'nn;c). 

 Order 2. Dichoeta. Haustcllum with only two lancets. 



Section I. Athcricera. Ilaustellum with a prohoscis, claws simple. 



Subdivision 1. Wings with a di.'.tinct augalated cell, ramihes— 14. Sccnopinii ; 15. riatypezlnas ; 



16 Conopsarire; 17. Myoparire ; 18. Pipunculini. 

 Subdivision 2. Wings without a distinct angulatcd cell, families — 19. Oestrides; and nineteen 

 other families separated from the genus Musca of this work (p. G32— 63'?>). 

 Section 2. Ilaustellum, covered by two palpi, but without a terminal proboscis. Family^09. Coriaceas 

 []lippoboscid;e.] 

 Class IT. Nemocera. Antenna^ with not fewer than six joints. 



A. WingL'd. Families— 40. Hirteides ; 41. Scatopsides ; 42. Simulides ; 4?.. Khyphii ; 44. Calicides ; 45. 



Chironomii; 46. Cecidomyzides ; 47. Psychodides ; 48. Sciarinrc ; 4^. Tipulides ; 50. ilycetophilinffi. 



B, "Wingless in both sexes. Family— ^1. Chioneidcs. 



The genera and specits are admirably -worked out in these works by Zetterstedt, which are a model for the 

 monographer. 



Other general works on the Diptcra are the following : — Loew's Bemerkungen iiber die in der Posener Gegend, 

 Zweiflugler — Gattungen, and Dipterologische Beitrage, in 4to., and various papers in the Linna:'a Entomologica, 

 and Entomologische Zeitung, of the Stettin Society ; Zeller's Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Dipteren, and Dipterolo- 

 gische Beitrage. Staeger, on Danish Diptera, in Kroyer's Natural History Journal, and on the Diptera of Green, 

 land, in ditto. Gimmertha!, Ubersicht der Zweiflugler Lief, and Kurland's (Bulletin Moscow Soc), and on 

 Russian Diptera, also in Bulletin Moscow, ISi-'j. Rondani Men^orie per servire alia Ditterologia Italiana, (nine 

 separate memoirs in the Transactions of the Bologna Academy). 

 Various anatomical memoirs by Loew and Leon Dufour have also beea published. 



Of detached monographs on the families or genera of this order, the following are the most important : — 

 In the Nemocera (p. 617—621) ; 



The genus Anopheles (p. 618), is monographed by Loew, in the first part of his Dipterologische Beitrage, 

 and three new genera established, allied to Cecidomyia. The genera Scatopse and Bibio are treated 

 in like manner by tlie same author, in the First Volume of the Linna?a Entomologica. 

 Two admirable papers by Dr. Asa Fitch, on the Wheat and Hessian flies belonging to the genus Cecidomna, 

 have been published in the Transactions of the New York State Agricultural Society, Vols. V and VI. The 

 eco:;omy of other species of Cecidomyia have been illustrated by Perris and L. Dufour, in the French Annales ; 

 and by Ratzeburg, in his Forst Insecten. Perris has also given the Transformations of Psychoda nervosa, in the 

 same Annales, An excellent monograph on the Asilidte is given by Loew, in Vol. Ill of the Linurea Entomo- 

 logica, in which a great number of new species and several new genera are proposed. Various new genera of 

 BombyliidaB are also described by the same author, in the above-mentioned works. An illustrated monograph of 

 the fine family Mydasidce, is given in my Arcana Entomologica, and the singular family Vesiculosa, or bladder- 

 flies, havebeen monographed by Erichson, in his Entomographien ; and many additional species descrihed by 

 myself, in the Transactions of the Entomological Society. The Dolichopodes, monographed by Mr Ilaliday, iu 

 the Zoological Journal, have been again revised by Staeger, in Kroyer's Journal. 



The genera Oxycera, Thereva, and Conops, are also monographed by Loew, in his Dipterologische Beitrage, as 

 well as several genera of Muscidae. The Italian species of Merodon and Ghrysotoxum. have been described by 

 Rondani, and a monograph of the genus Ceria, published by Saunders, in the Trausactiuns of the Entomological 

 Society. 



The parasitic (Estridse have formed the subjects of several valuable memoirs, namely— a paper on the anatomy 

 of Gastrus Equi, by Van der Kolk ; a memoir by Dr. Schwab, Die G!straciden Bremsen der Pfcrde, Rinder und 

 Schafe, Munich, 1840. A supplementary paper by Bracy Olark, in Vol, XIX uf the Linnasan Transactions, and a 

 paper by Goudot, on Cuterebra noxialia, in the Freneli Annales. A fine monograph has also been published in 

 the Annals of the Lyons Academy. 



The great family Muscidx, has been specially investigated by Robincau Desvoidy and Macquart, in the French 

 Annals, between whom a discussion on the principles of classification of the family has taken place, the latter 

 author having reduced many of the species proposed by the former, to varieties of other established species. 

 Many detached genera have been monographed by Loew ; and the splendid genus RutiUa, by Guerin, as well as the 

 interesting Oeratitcs, the type of which commits so much damage to the cargoes of oranges. The Ephvdrini 

 have also been revised by Stenhammer, in the Transactiona of the Stockholm Academy, and many Danish 

 groups have been monographed by Staeger, in Kroyer's Journal. The beautiful genus Trypeta, has been mono- 

 graphed by Walker, in the Entomological Journal, and by Loew, in the Linni^a Entomologica ; and a valuable 

 memoir on the anatomy of the Hippoboscidas, has been pubUshed by Leon Dufour, in the Annales des Sciences 

 Naturelles. 



