142 POULTRY DISEASES 



or regular treatment, they seemed to be worse, and we used 

 the hatchet treatment. I am satisfied, however, from our 

 experience; both with chickens and the turkeys, when taken 

 in time and treated regularly, it is seldom necessary to lose 

 one. We estimated that we saved ninety-five per cent of those 

 affected, by this treatment. 



Bronchitis 



In some cases we have noted catarrh com- 

 mencing in the head, principally the nasal cham- 

 bers, extend down and involve the trachea (wind- 

 pipe), and even to the bronchi (branches of the 

 trachea leading to the lung tissue). Sudden 

 changes in the weather, dampness and roosting 

 near a crack in the henhouse so that a cold wind 

 blows upon them, or, in fact, in any draught, are 

 the principal causes of bronchitis. 



Symptoms. — A rattling sound may be heard in 

 the region of the trachea and bronchi (neck and 

 anterior part of the thorax). The bird may be 

 seen to gasp for air by extending the head up- 

 ward. This is due to an accumulation of mucus 

 in the air passages which partially closes them, 

 thus preventing the bird from getting enough oxy- 

 gen into its lungs. The affected bird coughs, and 

 there may be dullness and partial loss of appetite. 



The condition may pass off in a few days, may 

 respond to treatment, or may last for several 

 weeks and end in recoverv or in death. In the 

 latter case there is marked emaciation; in the 

 former the bird coughs up mucus for a long time, 

 but otherwise appears well. 



Treatment. — A tablespoonful of castor oil, to 

 which 5 to 10 drops of turpentine have been added, 

 and if catarrh be present, treatment as outlined 

 under roup. Give one-grain doges quinine sul- 

 phate three times a day. Place the bird in warm, 

 clean, comfortable quarters, free from draughts. 



