FOREST POLICY. 



see. In the mountain section, the flora of the Cumberland plateau 

 (see under Tennessee), with some little white pine and hemlock. 



4. Forest ownership: 52.1; firms own 1,224,000 acres of 

 forest. The federal government. State railroads and homestead- 

 ers are the chief owners. 



5. Use of timber: Destructive lumbering only of recent 

 date. Huge deserts are nowhere left by the lumber jack, as is the 

 case in the lake States. No pine resists fire better than long leaf. 

 Cuban pine is protected by its position. The industry threaten- 

 ing ruin to the forests is the turpentine industry, which leaves 

 only taeda intact. The output of the saw mills was in 



1880 $ 2,700,000 



i8go 8,500,000 



1900 12,900,000 



The cut in 1900 consisted of: — 



Yellow pine 1,012,000,000 feet b. m. 



Other conifers 32,000,000 feet b. m. 



White oak 61,000,000 feet b. m. 



Other hardwoods 44,000,000 feet b. m. 



Total 1,149,000,000 feet b. m. 



Mill investments average $5,251 with 1,087 mills. Logs on 

 stump are worth $1.20, at mill $4.30 per 1,000 feet b. m. Cooper- 

 age stock production, in 1900, is valued at $200,000; miscellaneous 

 sawn products at $400,000; shingles, notably cypress shingles, at 

 $460,000. In 1885, the naval store industry yielded $851,000. 



Leather industry surprisingly large, producing, in 18 tan- 

 neries, $1,098,000 worth of leather and using 18,651 cords of oak 

 bark, worth $62,628. 



Paper and pulp industry: None. 



6. Forestry movement: None. 



7. Laws: Fire laws of 1852, against wilful or negligent 

 firing. Firing turpentine orchards is under a fine of $100 to 

 $1,000, or punishable with hard labor for not more than 12 months. 



8. Reservations: None. 



9. Irrigation: 89 acres of land were irrigated, in 1899, for 

 ttuck farming. 



No rice fields enjoyed irrigation. 



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