FOREST POLICY. 



Pacific States. Coal (sulphurous) is found in many places, re- 

 stricting the consumption of wood. The population scarcely ex- 

 ceeds, in 1902, 90,000, of which two-fifths are native. 



Yellow cedar is used by the natives for huge dugout canoes. 

 The bark of the balsam fir is employed for tanning. The com- 

 mon local timber tree is the knotty Sitka spruce, used for house 

 building, mine props, sledges and firewood. 



The large output of the fish canning industry (over 51,000,- 

 000 lbs. salmon in 1899) requires packing crates and slack barrels. 



The I2th census reports a cut of 6,500,000 feet b. m. lum- 

 ber, mostly spruce, valued at $90,000. Much unlawful cutting on 

 vacant timberland. 



6. Forestry movement: None. 



7. Laws: None. 



8. Reservations: The Apognac Forest and Fish Culture 

 Reservation lies north of Kadiak Island and comprises 403,640 

 acres. 



The Alexandria Archipelago Forest Reserve covers 4,506,240 

 acres. 



9. Irrigation: None. 



FORESTRY CONDITIONS OF ARIZONA: 



1. Area: 16,000,000 acres, or 22% of entire area of Terri- 

 tory, are reported under forest. 



2. Physiography: Arizona consists of a high plateau, 5,000 

 feet elevation, sloping gently towards Gulf of California, inter- 

 sected in northwest by the Grand Cafion, and diagonally traversed 

 from the northwest to the southeast by a chain of mountain 

 ranges, many tops of which rise to 10,000 feet elevation. This 

 chain drains towards west into the Rio Gila and towards east 

 into the Little Colorado, both of which are tributaries of the 

 Colorado River. The rainfall, especially during the summer 

 months, often evaporates before reaching the ground. Streams 

 are frequently smaller at the mouth than at the head, due to dry- 

 ness of the atmosphere. 



3. Distribution: Below 3,500 feet elevation occur deserts, 

 with cactus, yucca and agave. The river cafions are deeply cut 

 into the plateaus and are fringed with broad-leaved species, i. e., 



6 



