FOREST POLICY. 



Range only, supplying South America and the far east. Here a 

 yield of 1,000,000 feet b. m. per acre is amongst the possibilities. 

 Logging is done by railroad and donkey engines. Commercial 

 species, aside from redwood, are sugar pine, Douglas fir, incense 

 cedar and red fir (Abies magnifica). Redwood is said to furnish 

 the best tank material and railroad ties, if tie plates are used. 

 From the Sierras, lumber is exported into Nevada and Arizona 

 for the use of the mines. 



The Alpine meadows of the Sierras offer good pasture, but 

 are said to suffer severely from sheep pasture. Regeneration in 

 Sierra belt is said to be poor, no undergrowth being at hand. On 

 old clearings, near mines, sugar pines and yellow pines are said 

 to show a good second growth. 



The tannin industry of California occupies the tenth rank 

 among the States, using during the last census year 36,123 cords 

 of chestnut oak bark, valued at $16 per cord. Production is 

 largely sole leather. 



The paper and pulp industry is nill, five plants having died 

 during the last decade. 



The products of the lumber industry were worth: — 



In 1850 0.9 million dollars. 



In 1870 5.2 million dollars. 



In 1890 8.8 million dollars. 



In 1900 13.8 million dollars. 



The total cut in the census year was only 864 million feet 

 b. m., drawn from a growing stock of 36 billion feet b. m., owned 

 by private individuals. Log stumpage is worth $1.16. Logs at 

 mill are worth $4.63. California leads in the use of traction en- 

 gines, which are employed on undulating ground. The mill es- 

 tablishments are large, next in size to those of Minnesota and 

 Wisconsin, the investments averaging $29,300. Eucalyptus planta- 

 tions are made in the timberless regions of the south to obtain 

 posts and firewood. Species recommended are: Eucalyptus globu- 

 lus, rostrata, viminalis, corynocabyx, leucoxylon. 



6. Forestry movement: California has been sensible of the 

 dangers threatening from forest destruction and forest fires, since 

 agriculture depends largely on the possibility of irrigation, safe- 

 guarded by forests. A State Board of Forestry was established 

 in 1885, drawing a good appropriation, writing some valuable re- 



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