FOREST POLICY. 



elm and butternut. From the southeast enter the Kentucky cof- 

 fee tree, honey locust, swamp white oak, pin oak, laurel oak, red 

 bud, Ohio buckeye, mocker nut, pecan and black walnut. The 

 only conifers found are white pine, scattered in extreme north- 

 east, and red cedar. 



4. Forest ownership: Practically all woodland belongs 

 to farmers. 43 lumber firms own 56,160 acres, stocked with 

 4,goo feet b. m. on the average acre. 



5. Use of timber: Woodlands are used for pasture. Dur- 

 ing seasons of drought, young growth is frequently found dying. 

 The lumber industry, in addition to the cooperage industry, is 

 about to exhaust the fine hardwoods. Logs on stump are worth 

 $4.95; logs at mill, $12.16 (maximum of the United States). Still 

 there are now left 264 mills of $18,885 average investment. The 

 largest of these mills are located on the Mississippi River, and 

 saw pine rafts coming from Minnesota and Wisconsin. 



The value of the sawn product in 1870 and 1880 was $6,000,- 

 000; in i8go it was $12,000,000; in 1900 it had dropped to $8,700,000. 



The output of the mills in the census year was 303,000,000 

 feet b. m. of conifers and 40,000,000 feet b. m. of hardwoods. 

 Since there is but little white pine found in Iowa, it seems as 

 if white pine, not home grown, composed the bulk of the output 

 of softwoods. Lumbermen, however, are said to still own, inside 

 the State, 231,000,000 feet b. m. of conifers (?). 



Leather industry, none. Paper industry uses straw (12,- 

 350 tons of straw in census year). 



6. Forestry movement: Arbor Day since 1874. Prairie 

 planting still practiced, the favorite species being soft maple, 

 green ash and box elder. The Agricultural College at Ames 

 has given instruction in tree planting for almost 30 years. 



7. Laws: Prairie fire law. A law exempting almost 

 $6,000,000 worth of property from taxation, in order to encourage 

 tree planting, is now repealed. 



8. Reservations : None. 



9. Irrigation: No data available. 



FORESTRY CONDITIONS OF KANSAS: 



I. Area: S,700 square miles, or 7% of the State's area, 

 are wooded. 



31 



