FOREST POLICY. 



lolly, swamp, slash and rosemary pine. It occupies moister and 

 more loamy soil, and is often found in inundation districts. The 

 undergrowth or suite consists of black and sweet gum, red oak 

 and magnolia on wet soil; of hickories, Spanish oak and black 

 jack on drier soil. Spruce pine (glabra) occurs in small clumps 

 on rich, terraced soil. Cypress fills huge swamps along the Mis- 

 sissippi and Yazoo Rivers. White cedar occurs, with taeda, in 

 half-swamps. 



In the bottom lands are found cottonwood, both gums, 

 white oak, cow oak (prevailing); Texan oak. Water oak (nigra), 

 magnolia and beech. Further, walnut, shagbark hickory, yel- 

 low poplar, sycamore, mulberry, elm and holly. .Burr oak and 

 red oak are here wanting. Overcup oak (lyrata) occurs under 

 the name "swamp oak." 



4. Forest ownership: 349 firms own 1,214,000 acres, 

 stocked with 7,600 feet b. m. per acre. The United States, the 

 State and railroads, notably the Mobile and Ohio, own large 

 tracts. The balance is owned by farmers. » 



5. Use of timber: In the census year; 820 mills of $9,400 

 average investment. In 1900, log value on stump, $1.30; at mill, 

 $4.60. The output of the saw mills was valued in 



1880 at $ 1,900,000 



1890 at 5,700,000 



1900 at 15,600,000 



The cut in the census year consists of 



Yellow pine 964,000,000 feet b. m. 



Other conifers 37,000,000 feet b. m. 



Cottonwood 39,000,000 feet b. m. 



Red gum 23,000,000 feet b. m. 



White oak 102,000,000 feet b. m. 



Other hardwoods . . . 42,000,000 feet b. m. 



Total 1,207,000,000 feet b. m. 



Hardwood logging is very expensive; yellow pine logging, 

 with four yoke of oxen hitched to a high-wheel cart, is very 

 cheap. The average logging distance, for pine, slightly exceeds 

 pne-third of a mile. Expense of logging (cutting and hauling), 

 $1.25; of railroading, 50 cents per 1,000 feet b. m. 



SI 



