FOREST POLICY. 



7. Laws: Tax exemption laws of 1869 were found uncon- 

 stitutional. Towns are required by law to plant trees and au- 

 thorized to levy taxes for that purpose. There are the usual 

 fire laws. 



8. Reservations: The Dismal River forest reserve (85,- 

 123 acres) and the Niobrara forest reserve (123,779 acres) are to 

 be planted up, by the federal government, in yellow pine, jack 

 pine and red cedar. 



9. Irrigation: 148,000 acres of irrigated farm land have 

 produced, in the census year, $983,000 worth of crops, helped by 

 irrigation works costing $1,000,000. 



FORESTRY CONDITIONS OF NEVADA: 



1. Area: Under forest is 200,000 acres, or 0.3% of the 

 State. Wooded area, after census of 1900, is 3,904,000 acres, or 

 6% of the State. 



2. Physiography: In the western part, the east slope of 

 the Sierras, with Virginia City and Carson City. Scarcely any 

 water leaves the State. In the central part, narrow mountain 

 ranges run north and south, and rise to over 8,000 feet altitude. 



3. Distribution: Stunted junipers, and above these moun- 

 tain mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifolius) skirt the barren land. 

 Higher up, slopes dotted with nut pine, and still higher with 

 yellow pine (Jeffreyi and ponderosa). The limber white pine is 

 said to form extensive forests at elevations from 7,000 to 10,- 

 000 f«et. 



4. Forest ownership: Mines and railroads own little. The 

 United States own practically all of Nevada. The State obtained 

 from Congress a grant of 2,000,000 acres, to be located as the 

 State pleased, in place of the usual school sections 16 and 36. 

 The State sold the 2,000,000 acres rapidly in large tracts along 

 all water courses at $1.25 per acre to cattle men. 



5. Use: Mining timber is paramount. Limber pine, yel- 

 low pine and red fir (magnifica) are used for props. The tim- 

 ber works of the Comstock mines are said to be of marvelous 

 construction. Since 1870, $55,000,000 worth of timber is said to 

 have been buried in the mines. Nut pines, mountain mahogany 

 and juniper are used for fuel and charcoal. Lumber is worth $23 

 per thousand; mine props, $io per cord. 



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