FOREST POLICY. 



4. Forest ownership: 629 lumber firms control 1,714,000 

 acres. Balance of woodlands is owned by farmers and speculators. 



S- Use of timber: There are altogether i,7Si saw mills. 

 The average mill investment is $3,572. The mill output in North 

 Carolina amounted in the year 



1850 to $ 900,000 



i860 to 1,100,000 



1870 to 2,000,000 



1880 to 2,700,000 



1890 to 5,900,000 



1900 to 14,900,000 



The cut of 1900 consisted of: — 



Yellow pine i,228,ooo,oc)o feet b. m. 



Cypress 31,000,000 feet b. m. 



Other conifers 11,000,000 feet b. m. 



Poplar .^ 51,000,000 feet b. m. 



White oak 86,000,000 feet b. m. 



Other hardwoods 8,000,000 feet b. m. 



The naval store products, in 1885, were $1,320,000. Then, 

 already, the industry was on the decline, the output having de- 

 creased (after Fernow) since 1880 by 30%. The main shipping 

 points for naval stores are Wilmington and Norfolk. After Sar- 

 gent, the stand of yellow pine, in 1880, was 5,200,000,000 feet 

 b. m. Since 1880, however, at least 15 billion feet of yellow pine 

 have been cut. The stumpage in the mountain section after 

 H. B. Ayres and W. W. Ashe, in 1901, amounts to 10,650,000,000 

 feet b. m. or 2,640 feet b. m. to the acre. In addition, the stand 

 of firewood in the mountain section is estimated to be 16.83 cords 

 per acre. The various species participate in said stumpage as 

 follows : — 



Oaks 41.41% Chestnut 17.20% 



White pine 2.68% Hemlock 5.30% 



Spruce 0.80% Poplar 1.85% 



Ash 1-43% Buckeye 2.00% 



Basswood 2.69% Black gum 1.64% 



Beech 1.06% Cucumber 0.8 



Maple 2.67% Birch 3.03% 



Pitch pine i.34% Hickory 3.16% 



Locust 0.67% Echinata 0.43% 



Miscellaneous 9.80% 



72 



