FOREST POLICY. 



year was 740 million feet b. m. only, which is equal to 0.3% of 

 the growing stock of 225 billion feet b. m. This growing stock 

 is composed as follows: — 



Red fir 150 billion feet b. m. 



Yellow pine 40 billion feet b. m. 



Hemlock, spruce and cedar 35 billion feet b. m. 



Mills smaller than in Washington, the average investment 

 being $12,300. Stumpage prices lower than in any other State, 

 being 66c. per 1,000 feet b. m. Saw logs at the mill cost $4.46 

 per 1,000 feet b. m. 



The paper and pulp industry used in 1900, 150,000 cords of 

 spruce in 5 establishments. The leather industry had 16 tan- 

 neries, worth $11,000 on an average, reporting to be annually 

 using altogether 936 cords of hemlock bark and 1,247 cords of 

 oak bark (?). 



Very important for Oregon is the live .stock industry. 



The stock consists of 



14,000,000 cattle, 



24,000,000 sheep, 

 2,000,000 horses, 

 500,000 mules. 



Sheep are driven to the summer range in the high cascades, 

 so as to leave all pasture in the lowlands to the heavier stock. 



Annual value of the wool product is over $1,500,000. In 

 the reserves, only 60 owners with 188,000 sheep in 86 bands. 



6. Forestry movement: In 1888-1889 Legislature petitions 

 Congress to establish reserves. In 1897 outbreak of antagonism 

 against "Reserve Policy," backed by the Wool Growers' Asso- 

 ciation (John Minto). 



In 1898 forest reserves were opened to limited sheep pas- 

 ture, and the antagonism to reserves has since subsided. 



7. Laws: State fire laws of 1893 impose fines on malicious 

 or careless firing of woods, but are ineffective. The public do- 

 main is protected under special fire laws. New fire law of 1903 

 was passed by both houses, but vetoed by governor. 



8. Reservations: Reserves cover 13% of wooded area and 

 7.2% of total area of State. 



The Ashland forest reserve (18,560 acres) in the extreme 

 south and the Bull Run timber land reserve (142,080 acres) in 

 the extreme north of the Cascade Range are small and unim- 



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