FOREST POLICY. 



portant. The Bull Run reserve includes Mount Hood. Between 

 the two reserves stretches the Cascade Range forest reserve, a 

 reserve of 4,436,120 acres enclosing the Crater Lake National 

 Park of 150,000 acres. The reserves extend, practically, from the 

 Washington line to the California line, are 50 to 100 miles wide, 

 lie largely above 7,Soo feet above sea level and include many 

 summits above timber line. 



9. Irrigation. The agricultural development of central 

 Oregon depends on the possibility of utilizing for irrigation the 

 scanty and intermittent streams of the region. 



The success of a deep well system would allow of an enor- 

 mous increase of the cattle and sheep industry. 



In 1899, 388,000 acres of farm land, producing $3,100,000 

 worth of crops, were irrigated from works constructed at an out- 

 lay of $1,800,000. 



FORESTRY CONDITIONS OF PENNSYLVANIA: 



1. Area: The woodlands comprise 23,000 square miles, or 

 Si% of total area. The forest is said to be, in a great part, de- 

 pleted of its merchantable timber. 



2. Physiography: A belt of mountains 50 miles wide and 

 240 miles long traverses the State diagonally from southwest to 

 northeast. The mountain ranges are from 1,000 to 2,000 feet high, 

 Negro Mountain forming the highest peak, at an altitude of 2,826 

 feet. 



Northwest of the mountain belt are the broad Allegheny 

 Uplands, rolling high! plateaux covering over one-third of the State. 

 Southeast of the mountain belt appears the northern extension 

 of the Coastal Plains at an average elevation of 500 feet. The 

 Susquehana drains the eastern half of the State, together with the 

 Delaware on the New Jersey line. 



3. Distribution: Pennsylvania was originally covered from 

 end to end with heavy forests. White pine and hemlock formed 

 vast forests on both flanks of the Alleghanies. East and west 

 of the mountains the conifers gave way gradually to a heavy 

 growth of broad-leaved species. 



In the southeastern section, white oak was and is the most 

 valuable species. The second growth of hardwoods is otherwise 



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