FOREST POLICY, 



spruce, for pulp, valued at $30,500; 11,286 cords of home-grown 

 spruce, for sulphite and soda fibre, valued at only $39,100; 1,519 

 cords of miscellaneous wood, valued at $4,200. 



6. Forestry movement: None. Arbor Day failed to be 

 legalized. The West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station 

 at Morgantown issues valuable bulletins on insect plagues in the 

 forest, written by A. D. Hopkins, the forest insectologist of the. 

 United States. 



7. Laws: Laws under which unlawful firing is punished 

 are uninforced, although existing on the statute book. 



8. Reservations: None. 



9. Irrigation: None. 



FORESTRY CONDITIONS OF WISCONSIN: 



1. Area under forest, 31,750 square miles, or 58% of the 

 State. 



2. Physiography: Undulating land. Splendid shipping fa- 

 cilities on the shore line of Lakes Superior and Michigan, and 

 on the Mississippi River; helped by a multitude of lakes and float- 

 able rivers. The Wisconsin, Menomonee and St. Croix Rivers are 

 famous for the output of white pine. 



3. Distribution: The southwestern section is prairie, in- 

 truded by the black oaks and paper birch. 



The southeastern section shows the hardwoods (maple, 

 basswood, elm, white and red oak) prevailing, the overtowering 

 white pines having been removed. 



The northeast is characterized by hemlock and birch, 

 whilst white and red oak are scarce. 



The north shows pineries stocked with white, jack and 

 Norway pines. A large number of swamps produce spruce, bal- 

 sam, white cedar, tamarack or nothing. 



4. Forest ownership: The northern half of the State — the 

 coniferous region proper — is owned in the following proportion: — 



United States 5% 



State and counties 2% 



Railroads S% 



Resident settlers 24% 



Lumbermen 50% 



Outsiders ; 14% 



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