10 FOREST POLICY. 



TABLE No. 3- 



FIGURES FROM TWELFTH CBNSUS ON FOREST LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES: 



Table No. 3 refers only to saw-mills, plaining mills and timber 

 camps of the United States (excluding pulp, stave, fuel production, 

 etc.). Here, the average annual wages of the common wage earner 

 were $369.42. 



The " American Lumberman " estimates that the total number 

 of wage earners depending on the forest is not far from 750,000. 



(XII.) TRANSPORTATION IN FORESTRY. 



Forest produce is bulky; in other words, its price per pound is 

 low. The distance over which a commodity can be shipped depends 

 upon its value per pound. Hence timber cannot be shipped as far as 

 agricultural produce and must be consumed within a limited radius 

 from the producing point. 



Firsts and seconds can be carried over longer distances than 

 common No. 2. Common No. 2 stands a higher freight bill than 

 firewood. 



The interdependence between stumpage values and cost of trans- 

 portation is illustrated by Tables No. 4 and No. 5. 



The rank and file of American " Lumber Jacks " penetrate annu- 

 ally deeper and deeper into the forest, bound to cut forty billion feet 

 b. m. per annum. 



The average annual increase of logging distance is about one 

 half mile. 



Hence the value of all stumpage left at the back of the " Lumber 

 Jack " is increased by as many cents per annum as equals the freight 

 bill for timber of like quality for one half mile. 



TABLE No. 4. 



Table showing the interdependence between cost of lumber pro- 

 duction, including cost of transportation, and value of stumpage, under 

 the following conditions: 



I. The cost of production consists of: 

 First: Cutting — $1.00. 



