FOREST POLICY. 47 



1. In Oregon and Washington, limited (by the Secretary) pasture 

 of sheep is permitted. 



2. In other States and territories, sheep and goats may be ad- 

 mitted to an extent not deterimental to the object of the reserves. 



3. Pasture of cattle and horses is permissible everywhere as long 

 as forest growth and water supply appear unharmed. 



4. In all cases, applicants must receive permits; Secretary fixes 

 number admitted; stock of residents within the reserve has preference 

 over neighboring stock. 



5. In 1902, 1,200,000 sheep and goats were pastured, under 443 

 permits, in 8 reserves; and 460,000 head of cattle and horses were 

 pastured, under 2642 permits, in 38 reserves. 



C. Minerals: see (§XXVIII under "Sixth".) 



Mineral lands are open to entry in all reserves, under the U. S. 

 mining laws. Prospectors may obtain stone free of charge upon ap- 

 plication. Proper care of reserves having mineral possibilities is great- 

 ly handicapped by unlimited privileges of prospectors and miners. 



THB WORK IN THE FEDERAL RESERVES IS NOW DIVIDED AS FOLI-OWS: 



A. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Forestry; working 

 plans. 



B. Department of Interior; Geological Survey; survey of land 

 and timber. 



C. Department of Interior; General Land Office; Division R; ad- 

 ministration proper. 



A bill tending to establish unification, strongly endorsed by 

 Roosevelt^s first message, was defeated (by Chairman Cannon) in 

 1902. 



Division R consists of: 



a. The office stafif, divided into subdivisions for the appointment 

 and distribution of the field force; for the sale of timber and for the 

 free use of stone and timber; for privileges concerning churches, 

 roads, mills, etc.; for grazing and lieu-land selection; and for changes 

 and establishment of new reserves. 



b. The field force, consisting of: 



1. General Superintendents, who are the general inspectors and 

 directors of field work in all reserves within one State. Nine appoint- 

 ed. 



2. Supervisors, who are the managers of reserves or parts of re- 

 serves; correspond directly with Washington; grant free use of 

 timber (up to $20. worth stumpage) ; and issue cattle and hog grazing 

 permits to residents up to 100 head of stock. Salary depends on area 

 and business transacted (about $2000.). Since 1902, permanent em- 

 ployment all the year around. 



3. Assistant supervisors, also termed "head-rangers" or trained 

 foresters. Scientific helpers of the supervisors and, at the same time, 

 general field men. Salary about $1100. 



4. Rangers of the first class permanently employed; must keep a 

 horse and camping outfit; no expenses paid. Each ranger has charge 



