FOREST UTILIZATION 53 



Bald cypress: Tanks; shingles; doors; house building; interior 

 finish ; sashes ; blinds ; molasses barrels ; railroad ties ; posts ; 

 car siding; flooring and covering; wharf piles. 



Big tree : Lumber ; fencing ; shingles ; construction ; water con- 

 duits. 



Redwood : House building and finishing ; shingles ; fencing ; 

 telegraph poles; vineyard stakes; railroad ties; car lining; 

 tanks ; coffins. 



Yew. In Oregon for bows and fishing rods. 



White pine: House building and finishing; boxes and crates; 

 sash, doors and blinds; shingles; backing of fine veneers; ex- 

 celsior ; matches ; laths ; woodenware ; slack barrels ; framing 

 of machinery ; furniture ; patterns for casting metals ; ship 

 masts ; baled shavings for filtering gas, bedding for horses, pack- 

 ing for crockery. 



Sugar pine: Same uses as white pine; cooperage; shakes (large 

 board shingles). 



Lodge-pole pine : Cheap lumber ; mining timbfers ; railroad ties ; 

 used where other timber is not available. 



Loblolly pine : Common lumber and cheap veneers, usually mixed 

 with ''echinata"; shingles; house building purposes altogether; 

 mining timber; boxes; rice and potato barrels; laths. 



Shortleaf pine (echinata): Same use as above; boxes for naval 

 stores. 



Table mountain pine : In Pennsylvania used for charcoal. 



Longleaf and Cuban pine : House building ; dimension stuff ; 

 shingles; tanks; flooring; interior finish; railroad ties; rail- 

 road bridges; car sills and framework of cars; furniture; sash, 

 doors and blinds; framework of machinery; mining timber; 

 ship building ; masts ; wagon tongues and beds ; naval stores. 



Scrub pin6 (Virginiana) : In Kentucky, for, lumber. 



Jeffrey's pine : Coarse lumber ; mining timber. 



Bull pine (ponderosa) : Lumber; railroad ties; mine props; 

 shingles ; boxes ; slack barrels. 



Jack pine (divaricata) r Ties and piling; cheap lumber; boxes; 

 , laths. 



Norway pine : Lumber generally ; ship building ; construction ; 

 flooring; masts; piles of wharves; covering; lining; siding; floor- 

 ing and sills of railroad cars ; railroad ties. 



Eastern spruce: Chemical fibre and paper pulp (down to 5"- 

 diameter) ; matches; excelsior; construction; posts; railroad 

 ties; fresh-water ship building; clapboards; flooring.; ceiling; 

 stepladders; sounding boards (from butt logs); oars; spars; 

 wharf piles ; telegraph poles ; toys ; wood type ; butter buck- 

 ets; slack cooperage; wooden thread (for mattings) ; chewing 

 gum ; vanillin. In Europe spruce bark is used for tanning. 



Engelmann's spruce: Used in Colorado for common lumber. 



Tideland spruce : Lumber ; construction ; outer finish ; wooden- 

 ware ; paper pulp. 



