CHAPTER II. 



NASAL CAVITIES. 



SIMPLE CORYZA. 



Simple acute coryza, or inflammation of the mucous membrane 

 of the nasal cavities, is of comparatively trifling importance in bovine 

 animals, and, \Yere it not for the possibility of gangrenous coryza being 

 confused with it, there -svould scarcely be any necessity for a special 

 description. 



The onset of coryza is indicated by repeated sneezing and coughing, 

 by congestion of the pituitary mucous membrane, which soon begins to 

 secrete abnormally, and by difficulty in respiration, which becomes 

 snoring or whistling. 



The discharge, transparent at first, then mucous and muco-purulent, 

 is abundant in quantity ; the inflammation is arrested at this point or 

 extends towards the facial sinuses, the pharynx and larynx ; the eyes are 

 swollen and watering, and almost all the characteristic symptoms appear 

 which mark the onset of gangrenous coryza. Two signs, however, are 

 wanting. The appetite is fairly well maintained, and the temperature 

 little above normal. Simple coryza occurs at all times of the year in 

 consequence of sudden chills, but is commonest in spring and autumn. 



At first the distinction between this condition and gangrenous coryza 

 can only be ascertained after taking the temperature. 



The prognosis is absolutely favourable, and often in forty-eight 

 hours every symptom disappears. 



Treatment is confined to keeping the animals in stables at a suit- 

 able temperature, sheltered from draughts. Emollient fumigations and 

 inhalations of turpentine, creosote, or eucalyptus oil rapidly check the 

 more alarming symptoms. \Yarm drinks and foods and cooked roots 

 are recommended. 



In sheep, acute coryza as a consequence of chills, etc., occurs in 

 autumn, but is more commonly due to a parasitic cause, viz., invasion 

 of the nasal cavities by larvaj of certain oestridse. During the succeeding 

 winter it continues under the form of chronic coryza, as a result of the 

 larvie retaining their position in the sinuses. 



