DISEASES OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM. 



445 



diseases peculiar to the lymphatic apparatus, and in certain specific 

 diseases, such as tuberculosis, farcy of the ox, etc., it is necessary to 

 understand thoroughly the topography of the lymphatic system. 



Topography of the lymphatic glandular apparatus : Examination. 

 The lymphatic glands are in some cases superficial, in others deep seated, 

 and are arranged symmetrically on either side of the body. 



Beginning with the head and fore quarters, the lymphatic apparatus 



Fig. 210.— Deep-seated lymphatic glands of the head and neck. The posterior portion 

 of the lower jaw removed. P, pharynx ; Gl&p, retro-pharyngeal gland ; GC, deep 

 cervical glands (cervical chain) ; NS, spinal nerve ; NP, pneumo- gastric nerve ; 

 GC'.s, superior cervical nerve ganglion; NMt, inferior maxillary nerve. 



comprises a subglossal, a pre]3arotid, a subatloid, a prescapular and 

 several prepectoral glands (Fig. 209). 



None of these glands are very deeply placed, and all are easily 

 accessible to palpation, provided their exact position is known and 

 the animals are not too fat. 



The subatloid is a little more difiicult to detect, but in thin animals 

 the tips of the fingers can easily be passed under the wing of the atlas 

 so that the condition of the gland can be examined. 



In a normal condition, any gland on being examined conveys a 

 sensation of softness and elasticity of a special character which never 

 varies. Palpation is painless. 



When, however, the gland is diseased, palpation causes pain in the 

 case of all acute affections. It may, indeed, be impossible to reach 



