CASTRATION. 



/o. 



Fig. 31.3. — Bistournage. Secmul phase. 

 Duboiirdieu's method. 



then different. The left testicle, for instance,, being at the base 

 of the scrotum, the cord is 

 grasped with the right hand 

 opposite the base of the tes- 

 ticle, and the tail of the epi- • 

 didymis and the testicle are 

 held with the \Yhole hand 

 whilst being rotated. If care 

 is taken to fix the cord with 

 the right hand, rotation is 

 more rapid and easier than 

 in the preceding method. 



Difficulties in Operation. 

 — Bistournage is highly com- 

 mended in France on account 

 of its avoiding all the com- 

 plications resulting from 

 sanguinary operations. Never- 

 theless it presents great diffi- 

 culties, particularly in bulls of 



from two to three years of age, in which the testicles are hard to 

 manijDulate on account of their size, the thickness of the connective 



tissue, and sometimes because 

 of abnormal adhesions. In 

 such cases the preliminary 

 manipulation alone some- 

 times extends over half an 

 hour. 



Bistournage is of doubt- 

 ful efficacy when the testicles 

 are small and round" because 

 after the ligature has been 

 applied the testicular cord 

 tends to untwist, and the 

 shape of the testicles readily 

 lends itself to such move- 

 ments. If untwisting- occurs, 

 the operation fails. 



Consequences of the Opera- 

 tion. — The operation is often 

 followed by more or less vio- 

 lent attacks of colic ; the 

 animal may suffer for five or six hours, after which it recovers. 



3 c 2 



Fig. 314. — Bistournage. Second phase. 

 Dubourdieu's method. 



