ii8 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF NEW JERSEY. 



sixty, the other thirty to forty years old. The larger trees have 

 every appearance of being of seedling origin. The smaller trees 

 seem like sprouts, for they are crooked and contorted, and of 

 very slow growth. There are, further, many small, twisted 

 trees, thirty to fifty years old, and only one to two inches in 

 diameter, which spread out in umbrella form at about six to 

 eight feet from the ground. It is reasonably certain that these 

 are stunted sprouts, which manage to live in the shade of the 

 pole woods and grow only enough to maintain their existence. 



The humus is deep 'and the soil a dry white sand. There has 

 been no fire for many years, the tract having been successfully 

 protected by careful watching. 



The average height of the older class of trees is 45, of the 

 younger 36 feet. The rate of growth for the older trees is one 

 inch in diameter in fifteen years, of the smaller trees one inch in 

 twenty years. 



Although it is extremely difficult to determine definitely 

 whether the older trees on this area are seedlings or sprouts, the 

 conclusion arrived at from study here and elsewhere is that they 

 are seedlings. The old stumps probably have a limited capacitj^ 

 for sprouting. It is the roots of the second and third growth 

 and the succeeding generations that produce sprouts freely. 

 The following sample acre will serve to illustrate the character 

 of this second growth : 



Table 8. 



One Acre Measured Near Whiting <;^ New Jersey. 



Diameter 

 breast high. Pine. 



1 Inch 18 



2 Inches 30 



3 '■ 44 



4 " 43 



5 " 76 



6 " 80 



7 " 30 



8 '■ 40 



9 " , 21 



10 " 17 



11 " '9 " ' 



12 " 2 



410 



