152 Nature-study lessons. 



2. If this plan is suitable so far as it goes, how would 

 you use an additional strip of eight or ten feet on the 

 side? 



3. Draw a plan of your school grounds and on it mark 



places where you would plant particular trees and shrubs. 



Give reasons for your selection. 



Note. — All the forms of the cabbage group — cabbage, broccoli, brussels 

 sprouts, kale and cauliflower might occupy a division. A dozen small plots 

 of as many perennial flowers, rows of cuttings and slips from various kinds 

 of cultivated and wild plants, specimens of the corn family with the varie- 

 ties — are examples of the uses to which additional divisions might be 

 applied. 



The cut on the previous page represents the Broadview Boys' Institute, 

 Toronto. The plot of laud is laid out into twenty-seven farms, each forty 

 feet by twenty feet, with walks between them. Two boys manage each 

 farm. The boys provide their own seeds and plant such things as they 

 choose. The twenty-seven farms form a township, the affairs of which are 

 managed by a reeve and five councillors, elected by the fifty-four "farmers." 

 The farms are named on the crosses seen in the cut. The two boys who 

 manage each plot select its name. Some of these are Lake View Farm, 

 Maple Leaf Farm, The Riverside Farm, Thornhill Farm, Shore Acres 

 Farm, Homestead Farm, etc. A fall fair, managed by the boys themselves, 

 is held, when due recognition is paid to the best "farmers." 



XLI.-SOIL. 



1. After clearing off the grass, if any, make a nearly- 

 square hole, like a fence-post hole, about two feet deep. 

 Pare one or more sides with a sharp spade, so as to 

 show a clean, perpendicular surface. Make exact records 

 of the color and depth of the soil and the color of the 

 subsoil. 



The surface of the earth more or less finely broken up is the soil. 

 The part beneath the soil is the subsoil. 



2. Repeat this operation in different places; e.g., in the 

 school-yard near the school-house, in a corner of the 

 school-yard, on the roadside, in a cultivated field near 

 the school grounds, in the woods or other situation where 

 the soil has never been cultivated. 



