DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS. 81 
most soothing description, as oatmeal gruel, flaxseed tea, hay tea, 
fresh grass, or rice water. The skin should be well rubbed with 
alcohol and wisps of straw, to equalize the distribution of the blood; 
the legs, after being rubbed until warm, should be bandaged in raw 
cotton or with woolen bandages. The horse should be warmly 
blanketed. It is well to apply to the abdomen blankets wrung out 
of hot water and frequently changed; or mustard paste may be 
rubbed on the skin of the belly. Internally, opium is of service to 
allay pain, check secretion, and soothe the inflamed membrane. The 
dose is from 1 to 2 drams, given every three of four hours. If there is 
constipation, the opium should be mixed with 380 grains of calomel. 
Subnitrate of bismuth may be given with the opium or separately in 
2-dram doses. Stimulants, such as alcohol, aromatic spirits of am- 
monia, or camphor may be given in 2-ounce doses, mixed with warm 
water to make a drench. 
If putrid feed has been consumed, creolin may be administered in 
doses of 2-drams, mixed with 1 pint of warm water or milk. If there 
is obstinate constipation and if a laxative must be employed, it should 
be sweet or castor oil, from 1 pint to 1 quart. 
Antidotes for poisons.—For the various poisons the remedies are 
as follows: , 
Arsenic: Oxyhydrate of iron solution, 1 pint to 1 quart; or 
calcined magnesia, one-half ounce in 1 pint of water. 
Corrosive sublimate (bichlorid of mercury): The whites of a 
dozen eggs, or 2 ounces of flowers of sulphur. 
Sugar of lead: Glauber’s salt, 1 pound in 1 quart of warm water; 
to be followed with iodid of potash, 3 drams at a dose, in water, 
three times daily for five days. 
Sulphate of copper: Milk, the whites of eggs, or reduced iron. 
Sulphate or chlorid of zinc: Milk, the whites of eggs, or calcined 
magnesia. 
Lye or alkalies, as caustic potash or soda: Vinegar, dilute sul- 
phuric ecid, and linseed tea, with opium, 3 drams. 
Mineral acids: Chalk, or calcined magnesia, or baking soda; later 
give linseed tea and opium. 
HEMORRHOIDS, OR PILES. 
These are rare, comparatively, in horses. They are diagnosed by 
the appearance of bright-red irregular tumors after defecation, 
which may remain visible at all times or be seen only when the horse 
is down or after passing his manure. They are mostly due to con- 
stipation, irritation, or injuries, or follow from the severe straining 
during dysentery. I have observed them to follow from severe labor 
pains in the mare. 
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