DISEASES OF THE FETLOOK, ANKLE, AND FOOT. 445 
feet become simply the fulcra of the levers of progression, and are 
almost exempt from concussion. 
One foot.—Injuries and excessive functional performance are the 
causes of the disease in only one foot. The general symptoms, as a 
rule, are not severe, there being often no loss of appetite and no un- 
usual thirst, while the pulse, temperature, and respiration remain 
about normal. The weight of the body is early thrown upon the op- 
posite foot, and the affected one is extended, repeatedly raised from 
the floor, and then carefully replaced. When made to move forward 
the lame foot is either carried in the air while progression is accom- 
plished by hopping with the healthy one, or else the heel of the first 
is placed upon the ground and receives little weight while the sound 
limb is quickly advanced. Progression in a straight line is more 
easy than turning toward the lame side. 
Both fore feet—When both fore feet are affected the symptoms 
are well marked. The lameness is excessive and the animal almost 
immovable. When standing the head hangs low down, or rests upon 
the manger as a means of support and to relieve the feet; the fore 
feet are well extended so that the weight is thrown upon the heels, 
where the tissues are least sensitive, least inflamed, and most capa- 
ble of relief by free effusion. The hind feet are brought forward 
beneath the body to receive as much weight as possible, thereby re- 
lieving the diseased ones. If progression is attempted, which rarely 
happens voluntarily during the first three or four days, it is accom- 
plished with very great pain and lameness at the starting, which 
usually subsides to an extent after a few minutes’ exercise. During 
this exercise, if the animal happens to step upon a small stone or 
other hard substance, he stumbles painfully and is excessively lame 
in the offended member for a number of steps, owing to the acute 
pain which pressure upon the sole causes in the tissues beneath. The 
manner of the progression is pathognomonic of the complaint. 
Sometimes the affected feet are simultaneously raised from the 
ground (the hind ones sustaining the weight), then advanced a short 
distance and carefully replaced; at almost the same moment the hind 
ones are quickly shuffled forward near to the center of gravitation. 
In other instances one foot at a time is advanced and placed with 
the heel upon the ground in the same careful manner, all causes of 
concussion being carefully avoided. In attempting to back the ani- 
mal he is found to be almost stationary, simply swaying the body 
backward on the haunches and elevating the toes of the diseased feet 
as they rest upon their heels. In attempting to turn either to the 
right or left he allows his head to be drawn to the one side to its full 
extent before moving, then makes his hind feet the axis around 
which the forward ones describe a shuffling circle. 
