DISEASES OF THE SKIN. 475 
tures beneath, by the formation of pus at various different points 
throughout the diseased parts without any surrounding sac to protect 
the surrounding structures from its destructive action, and without 
the usual disposition of pus to advance harmlessly toward the surface 
and escape; and, finally, by a low, prostrating type of fever, with 
elevated temperature of the body, coated tongue, excited breathing, 
and loss of appetite. The pus when escaping through a lancet wound 
is grayish, brownish, or reddish, with a heavy or fetid odor, and inter- 
mixed with shreds of broken-down tissues. The most destructive 
form, however, is that in which pus is deficient and gangrene and 
sloughing more speedy and extensive. 
Treatment resolves itself mainly into the elimination from the 
system of the poisonous products of the bacteria by laxatives and 
diuretics, the sustaining of the failing vitality by tonics and stimu- 
lants, above all those of the nature of antiferments, and the local 
application of astringent and antiseptic agents. Internal treatment 
may consist in 4 drams tincture of muriate of iron and one-half dram 
muriate of ammonia or chlorate of potash, given in a pint of water 
every two hours. To this may be added, liberally, whisky or brandy 
when the prostration is very marked. Locally a strong solution of 
iron, alum, or of sulphate of iron and laudanum may be used; or the 
affected part may be painted with tincture of muriate of iron or with 
iodized phenol. In mild cases a lotion of 4 drams sugar of lead and 
2 ounces laudanum in a quart of water may be applied. It is desir- 
able to avoid the formation of wounds and the consequent septic 
action, yet when pus has formed and is felt by fluctuation under the 
finger to be approaching the surface it should be freely opened with 
a clean, sharp lancet, and the wound thereafter disinfected daily with 
carbolic acid 1 part to water 10 parts, with a saturated solution of 
hyposulphite of soda, or with powders of iodoform or salol. 
HORSEPOX, ANTHRAX, AND CUTANEOUS GLANDERS (FARCY). 
‘These subjects are discussed under the head of contagious diseases. 
CALLOSITIES. 
These are simple thickening and induration of the cuticle by reason 
of continued pressure, notably in lying down on a hard surface. Be- 
ing devoid of hair, they cause blemishes; hence, smooth floors and 
good bedding should be provided as préventives. 
HORNY SLOUGHS (SITFASTS), OR SLOUGHING CALLOSITIES. 
These are circumscribed sloughs of limited portions of the skin, the 
result of pressure by badly fitting harness or by irritating masses of 
dirt, sweat, and hairs under the harness. They are most common 
under the saddle, but may be found under collar or breeching as well. 
