518 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 
heels; and if the hind feet are affected, all the feet are carried for- 
ward, resting on their heels, the hind ones as near the center of 
gravity as possible. In some cases the stupor of the animal is so 
great that the pain is not felt, and little or no change of the position 
of the animal is noticeable. The foot is found hot to the touch, and 
after a given time the depressed convex sole of typical founder is 
recognized. 
Pleurisy.—This is a rare complication, but when it does occur it is 
ushered in by the usual symptoms of depression, rapid pulse, small 
respiration, elevation of the temperature, subcutaneous edema of the 
legs and under surface of the belly, and we find a line of dullness on 
either side of the chest and an abscess of respiratory murmur at the 
lower part. If it is severe, there may be an effusion filling one- 
fourth to one-third of the thoracic cavity in from 36 to 48 hours. 
Pericarditis is an occasional complication of influenza. It is ush- 
ered in by chills, elevation of the temperature; the pulse becomes 
rapid, thready, and imperceptible. The heart murmurs become in- 
distinct or can not be heard. A venous pulse is seen on the line of 
the jugular veins along the neck. Respiration becomes more difficult 
and rapid. If the animal is moved the symptoms become more 
marked or it may drop suddenly dead from heart failure. 
Peritonitis, or inflammation of the membranes lining the belly 
and covering the organs contained in it, sometimes takes place. The 
general symptoms are similar to those of a commencing pericarditis. 
The local symptoms are those of pain, especially to pressure on side 
of the flanks and belly, distention’ of the latter, and sometimes the 
formation of flatus, or gas, and constipation. 
Other occasional complications are nephritis, hepatitis, inflamma- 
tion of the flexor tendons and rupture of them, and abscesses. 
Diagnosis ——The diagnosis of influenza is based upon continued 
fever, with great depression and symptoms of stupor and coma; the 
rapidly developing, dark-saffron, ocher, yellowish discoloration of 
the mucous membranes, swelling of the legs and soft tissues of the 
genitals. When these symptoms have become manifested the diag- 
nosis of a local complication is based upon the same symptoms that 
are produced in the local diseases from other causes, but in influenza 
the local symptoms are frequently masked or even entirely hidden 
by the intense stupor of the animal, which renders it insensible to 
pain. The evidence of colic and congestion, which is followed by 
diarrhea, indicates enteritis. The rapid breathing or difficulty of 
respiration points to a complication of the lungs, but, as we have 
seen in the study of the symptoms, the local evidences of lung lesions 
are frequently hidden. Again, we have seen that inflammation of 
the feet, or founder, complicating influenza is frequently not shown 
on account of the insensibility to pain on the part of the animal, 
