INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 521 
Founder occurring as a complication of influenza is difficult to treat. 
It is, unfortunately, frequently not recognized until inflammatory 
changes have gone on for several days. If recognized at once, local 
bleeding and the use of hot or cold water, as the condition of the ani- 
mal may permit, are most useful, but in the majority of cases the 
stupefied animal is unable to be moved satisfactorily or to have one 
foot lifted for local treatment; the only treatment consists in local 
bleeding above the coronary bands and the application of poultices. 
During convalescence small doses of alkalines may be kept up for a 
short time, but the greatest care must be used, while furnishing the 
animal with plenty of nutritious, easily digestible feed, not to over- 
Icad the intestinal tract, causing constipation and consequent diar- 
rhea. Special care must be taken for several weeks not to expose the 
animal to cold. 
Prevention.—In order to prevent the introduction of the disease it 
is advisable to isolate newly purchased animals for at least a week. 
Further, the stabling of healthy horses in sales and feed stables 
should also be guarded against. At the beginning of an outbreak the 
disease may be checked by immediate isolation of the affected horses, 
by taking the temperatures of the healthy animals, and by the segre- 
gation of those showing a marked elevation. 
Bacterial vaccines are now being prepared for the prevention of this 
disease and also for its cure, but to date the results are not convincing 
as to the beneficial action of these products. Since the cause of the 
disease has not yet been satisfactorily determined it is difficult to 
conceive how-immunity could be produced with the aid of the germs 
which enter into the preparation of these products. The reports 
would indicate, however, that vaccines exert a favorable influence 
upon the course of the disease, probably preventing severe complica- 
tions which under ordinary conditions are the principal factors in 
determining the severity of the outbreak. 
CONTAGIOUS PNEUMONIA. 
Synonyms.—Edematous pneumonia; stable pneumonia; equine pleuropneu- 
monia; influenza pectoralis equorum ;*pleuropneumonia ; influenzal pneumonia; 
Brustseuche (German). 
Contagious pleuropnuemonia is an acute contagious disease of 
horses manifesting itself either as a croupous pneumonia or a pleuro- 
pneumonia with complications in the form of serous infiltrations of 
the subcutaneous tissues and tendons. 
. Etiology.—tInvestigators of this disease incriminated various kinds 
of microorganisms as the cause of this affection. Transmission ex- 
periments were usually negative with these organisms. This was also 
the case in attempts to transmit the disease by feeding with affected 
parts of the lungs, intestinal contents, and nasal discharge; like- 
