526 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 
from the great tendency in this disease to septic complications. Re- 
peated friction of the legs by hand-rubbing and warmth by bandag- 
ing and by rubbing the surface of the body with turpentine and 
alcohol, which is immediately to be dried by rough towels, will excite 
the circulation and stimulate the emunctories of the skin. 
Stimulants are given internally from the outset of the disease. 
Turpentine in 1-dram doses regulates the heart and excites the kid- 
neys to carry off waste matter, but if repeated too frequently may 
disturb the already delicate digestive system. Alcohol rectifies the 
latter danger, and is a useful stimulant to the heart and digestive 
system, if given with care in small doses. It is an antiputrid, and 
is especially indicated when septic complications and gangrene are 
present. The aromatics and bitter tonics are useful; gentian and tea 
in warm decoction form a useful menstruum for other remedies. 
Digitalis is a useful remedy. Strychnin and quinin may be given 
throughout almost the whole course of the disease. The various 
preparations of iron are astringents and excitants to the digestive 
system. Carbolic acid is an antiputrid which is of marked benefit in 
edematous pneumonia; it should be given in small doses diluted in 
alcohol. 
Salicylic acid may be given in 1 or 2 dram doses every few hours. 
It is much used for troubles of the serous membranes, lowers the tem- 
perature, and is of value in this disease in preventing the exudation 
into the tissue of the lungs. The alkalines, as the sulphate and bicar- 
bonate of soda, the nitrate of potash, and very small doses of the 
iodid of potash, should be employed to regulate the digestive tract, 
the kidneys, and the other excreting glands, and to stimulate absorp- 
tion of the waste matter. 
The biological products enumerated under the treatment of the 
catarrhal form of influenza are also recommended for this disease. 
The bacterial vaccines in particular are being employed to a great 
extent, but the results are not uniformly satisfactory, especially 
with regard to prevention. They might, however, exert a beneficial 
influence against an attack of the secondary invaders and compli- 
cations. A serum is also being prepared especially for the treatment 
of this disease, and since this is obtained from animals which have 
been highly immunized against the various organisms found in 
association with influenza it no doubt is beneficial, especially when 
the life of the animal is threatened. Such serum, however, should 
be used in sufficiently large doses, as repeated experience has proved 
that small doses have no beneficial action on the disease. 
More recently salvarsan is being highly recommended for the 
treatment of the pneumonic form of influenza, and by many inves- 
tigators it is considered as a specific for this affection. A single 
injection of this preparation is supposed to result in a rapid clear- 
