INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 539 
ease the local trouble commences as a papule and breaks into an 
ulcer without having formed a pustule. The ulcer has not the con- 
vex rosy appearance of that of the less serious discharge; the symp- 
toms last for a longer period, by which time others aid in dif- 
ferentiating the two. In glanders the tubercle is hard and, after 
breaking into an ulcer, the indurated bottom remains, grayish or 
dirty white in color, ragged, and exuding a viscous, oily discharge. 
There is no disposition to suppuration of the neighboring glands. 
In variola the rosy shallow ulcer and healthy pus, with the acutely 
tumefied glands, should not be mistaken, at least after a day. I have 
seen in mules acute glanders which required a day’s delay to differ- 
entiate from strangles; at that time the farcy buds appeared. 
Prognosis—The average case of horsepox runs a course of dejec- 
tion, loss of appetite, and more or less fever for about four days, 
followed by a rapid convalescence, and leaves the animal as well and 
as sound as before. If the eruption has been excessive or confluent, 
the ulcerations may act as irritants and render the animal unfit for 
use for several weeks. Laryngitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, and pneu- 
monia in this disease are not of greater gravity than they are when 
occurring from other causes. The spots denuded of pigment left 
by the pustules on the lips and genitals may temporarily depreciate 
the value of the animal to a slight degree. 
Treatment.—As this is a disease unattended by alterations of the 
blood itself, although a specific fever, and is of a sthenic type, active 
remedies are admissible and indicated. The horse should be placed 
on a low diet (little or no oats)—bran mashes, a moderate quantity 
of good, sound hay, a few carrots or apples, which will act as laxa- 
tives; also slop feed. Barley flour is more cooling for mashes than 
bran or oatmeal. Water may be given as the animal desires it, but 
it should not be cold; if a half bucketful of water is kept in the 
manger, the horse will take but a few swallows ata time. One-dram 
doses of nitrate of potash or 1-ounce doses of sweet spirits of niter 
are useful in the drinking water. If the fever is high, the anti- 
pyretics are indicated: Sulphate of quinin in 1-dram doses; iodid 
of potash in 1-dram doses; infusion of pine tops, of juniper leaves, 
of the aromatic herbs, or of English breakfast tea are useful in the 
later stages. If complications of the air passages or lungs are 
threatened, a large mustard poultice should be applied to the belly 
and sides of the chest. Oxid of zinc ointment should be used. on 
confluent eruptions, and if the ulceration is excessive it may have to 
be touched with caustic. 
Great care must be taken to keep the animal protected from cold 
drafts of air or other exposure. Blankets or sheets should be used 
on the body and bandages on the legs. After convalescence is estab- 
lished, nutritious feed of easy digestion and walking exercise are all 
