562 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 
In a case under the care of the writer a horse, four weeks after 
being bitten on the forearm by a rabid dog, developed local irrita- 
tion in the healed wound and tore it with its teeth into a large ulcer. 
This was healed by local treatment in 10 days, and the horse was kept 
under surveillance for more than a month. On the advice of an- 
other practitioner the horse was taken home and put to work; within 
8 days it developed violent symptoms and had to be destroyed. 
Diagnosis —The diagnosis of rabies in the horse is to be made from 
the various brain troubles to which the animal is subject; first by the 
history of a previous bite of a rabid animal or inoculation by other 
means; second, by the evident volition and consciousness on the part 
of the animal in its attacks, offensive and defensive, on persons, 
animals, or other disturbing surroundings. The irritation and re- 
opening of the original wound or point of inoculation is a valuable 
factor in diagnosis. Diagnosis after death may be made by micro- 
scopic examination for Negri bodies or by the inoculation of rabbits, 
as already mentioned. 
Recovery from rabies may be considered as a question of the cor- 
rectness of the original diagnosis. Rabies is always fatal. 
Treatment.—No remedial treatment has ever been successful. All 
the anodynes and anesthetics, opium, belladonna, bromid of potash, 
ether, chloroform, etc., have been used without avail. The pro- 
phylactic treatment of successive inoculations is being used on 
human beings, and has experimentally proved efficacious in dogs, but 
would be impracticable in the horse unless the conditions were quite 
exceptional. 
DOURINE. 
By Joun R. Mouter, V. M. D., Assistant Chief, Bureau of Animal Industry. 
Dourine (also known as maladie du coit, equine syphilis, covering 
disease, breeding paralysis) is a specific infectious disease affecting 
under normal conditions only the horse and ass, transmitted from 
animal to animal by the act of copulation, and due to an animal 
parasite, the Trypanosoma equiperdum. 
History.—It is described as having existed as early as 1796 in the 
Eastern Hemisphere, and was more or less prevalent in several of 
the European countries, including France, Germany, Austria, and 
Switzerland, during the first half of the nineteenth century. Its 
presence was recognized for the first time in the United States in 
1886, when an outbreak occurred in Illinois. Since then the existence 
of the disease has been observed at irregular intervals in numerous 
other States, including Nebraska, Iowa, Montana, Wyoming, New 
Mexico, North Daktoa, and South Dakota. ; 
Symptoms.—There are many variations in the symptoms of dourihe, 
and this is particularly true of the disease as it occurs in this coun- 
