82 MANAGEMENT AND BREEDING OF HOKSES 



introduced, and became foundation stock of the Thorough- 

 bred. From Darley Arabian is descended the best Hack- 

 ney blood. Since the time of James I. many eastern 

 horses, J. Osborne placing the number at 164, have been 

 imported to England. These played an important part 

 in the formation and improvement of both the Hackney 

 and the Thoroughbred. Of this number, Osborne says 90 

 were Arabs, 36 Barbs, 32 Turks, four Persians and tv^fo 

 of unknown ancestry. 



The Arabian horse was used in the improvement of the 

 French horses. In 1820 two Arabian stallions — Godolphin 

 and Gallipoli — were used upon French mares, and did 

 much to improve the quality, action and style of the 

 French horses. As these sires were gray, no doubt they 

 had considerable influence in developing the gray color 

 among the horses of La Perche. The horses of Germany, 

 Russia and Hungary have been much improved in quality 

 and action by the use of eastern sires. 



The Arabian horse in America. — The early accounts of 

 the Arabian horse in America are conflicting, due, in part 

 at least, to the fact that many horses called Arabian were 

 not of that breed, but were of Oriental ancestry. The 

 first record we have of the Arab in America was the im- 

 portation of the stallion Ranger about 1765 to New Lon- 

 don, Connecticut. This horse was later taken to Vir- 

 ginia, where he became known as Lindsay's Arabian. In 

 1838 J. D. Elliott imported a number of both sexes. 

 In 1856 Hon. A. Keene Richards imported three stallions 

 and two mares to Georgetown, Kentucky. Three Arab 

 horses, Maanake, Hedgrogi and Liklany Gidran, were 

 presented to William H. Seward ; one, Umbark, to Presi- 

 dent Martin Van Buren; and two, Linden Tree and 

 Leopard, to General U. S. Grant. A number were 

 brought to the World's Fair, Chicago, in 1893, some of 

 which were destroyed b)!- fire and the remainder pur- 

 chased by Peter B. Bradley of Boston, Massachusetts. 



Arabian horse breeders. — During recent years a num- 



