350 



MANAGEMENT AND BREEDING OF HORSES 



ada, while cowpeas are used in the southern states. The 

 horse usually takes to these grains after a time, and they 

 have a good effect upon the animal unless fed m too 

 large quantities, when they prove harmful. Five pounds 

 per head per day may be considered the maximum that 

 can be fed with safety. 



BY-PRODUCTS AND COMMERCIAL FEEDS 



Aside from the whole grain there are on the market 

 numerous feeds containing only parts of the various 



grains and are 

 called by-prod- 

 ucts, commercial 

 feeds, and the like. 

 These constitute 

 the part of the 

 grain left after 

 the manufacture 

 of some product. 

 Thus, when starch 

 is manufactured 

 from com, the 

 nitrogenous part 

 of the grain is re- 

 jected and consti- 

 tutes gluten feed 

 or meal. Cottonseed cake or cottonseed meal is the ma- 

 terial left after the oil has been expressed from the cotton 

 seed. In the same way, linseed meal is the residue ob- 

 tained in the manufacture of linseed oil. Dried brewer's 

 grain is the dried barley grain after it has been brewed. 

 Bran, middlings and shorts are left after the manufacture 

 of flour. 



Wheat bran. — Because of its physical effect, bran is 

 considered a very valuable addition to the ration of the 

 horse. It has a loosening effect on the bowels and a 

 tendency to allay feverish condition. It is entirely too 



Fig. 158. — Belgian Stallion "Ludia" 



