PLACE AND MODE OF BLEEDING. 315 



the skin of the cheek is touched. This tubercle is a certain 

 index to the angular vein which is placed below. * * The 

 shepherd takes the sheep between his legs ; his left hand more 

 advanced than his right, which he places under the head, and 

 grasps the under, jaw near to the hinder extremity, in order 

 to press the angular vein, which passes in that place, to make 

 it swell ; he touches the right cheek at the spot nearly 

 equi-distant from the eye and mouth, and there finds the 

 tubercle which is to guide him, and also feels the angular vein 

 swelled below this tubercle ; he then makes the incision from 

 below upward, half a finger's breadth below the middle of 

 the tubercle." 



When the vein is no longer pressed upon, the bleeding 

 will ordinarily cease. If not, a pin may be passed through 

 the lips of the orifice, and a lock of wool tied round them. 



Mr. Yonatt says : — " In cases of rheumatism, or garget, or 

 local inflammation referable to the hind- quarters, it may some- 

 times be advisable to bleed from the saphena or thigh vein. 

 The assistance of another person is required here. The sheep 

 must be laid on his side, on a table, or on some straw, the 

 thigh from which it is intended to extract the blood being 

 undermost. The other three legs must then be tied together, 

 and the assistant must draw out and firmly hold the fourth, 

 while the operator cuts away the hair from that portion of 

 the thigh at which he intends to operate. A person 

 acquainted with the anatomy of the part will at once put his 

 finger on the course of the vein on the upper part of the thigh, 

 and compress it, and thus cause it to become larger below the 

 pressure ; but he who is not so much used to the operation 

 will do right to pass a ligature (a piece of coarse tape will 

 constitute the best,) round the hinder part of the thigh, which 

 will render the vein sufiiciently evident. It must be opened and 

 afterward secured in the same manner as the cheek vein." 



But for thorough bleeding, the jugular vein is generally 

 to be preferred. The sheep should be firmly held by the head 

 by an assistant, and the body confined between his knees, with 

 its rump against a wall. Some of the wool is then cut away 

 from the middle of the neck over the jugular vein, and a 

 ligature, brought in contact with the neck by opening the 

 wool, is tied around it below the shorn spot near the shoulder. 

 The vein will soon rise. The orifice may be secured, after 

 bleeding, as described in the first of the preceding methods. 



The good efiects of bleeding depend almost as much on 

 the rapidity with which the blood is abstracted, as on the 



