20 PRINCIPLES OF FEEDING FARM ANIMALS 
from 24 to 42 per cent. As these percentages increase, those for the 
other components decrease ; ¢.g., the water contents in the body of a 
steer decrease from 66 to 49 per cent, in sheep from 67 to 43 per 
cent, and in swine from 58 to 44 per cent. In all cases except 
where the animals are very fat, their bodies consist of more than 
one-half water; the body of a lean animal or a fat calf (as of all 
young animals) is made up of nearly two-thirds water. As the 
animal grows toward maturity, and especially during fattening, the 
proportion of water in its body tissue becomes generally smaller, 
and that of fat increases. This is because the increase in body 
0 10 20 86300640080 60 70 8 90 {00 
STEER, WELL FEO "WHMUUE=.. RSW IIS IWS IQS SOW 
ae | nae i jt — 
HALF FAT ODMMMMALTLE= Wii WW WWNwWoY8y WW 
Ge Gee SE Sa CASE GR ee ee AEE) 
FAT MBE CWDS SNA SNS Ws 
FAT CALF LLL WY QATAR MAA AANA 
SHEEP, LEAN QML WV WW WN WII 
WELL FEO LLM EN RE>»WWWaWQW WN DAIWA AQVAANARAH 
HALF FAT SLMMYLHLE== WW WWI WWNIO\ 
FAT DMATLE nn ®t CW WA OA 
VERY FAT CLE RNR RRR 
SWINE, WELL FED 
FAT 
SSSI ASA 
LLMLLLIZ: 
ae eee 
QYAMLES SC WSS WAIOON 
mm FAT == ASH 
PROTEIN WATER 
Fia. 6.—Composition of live animals less contents of stomach and intestines, in per cent. 
weight of animals with increasing age or during fattening is com- 
posed of more dry matter and less water than when the animal is 
young or has not been fattened, and not because the fat replaces the 
water in the body tissues (Fig. 6). 
The composition of the increase of live weight in fattening 
has been calculated by Lawes and Gilbert for steers, sheep, and hogs. 
They found that if a steer, for example, gained 100 pounds during 
fattening, these 100 pounds would be composed, on the average, as 
follows: 
Water, 23.8 pounds, and total dry matter, 76.2 pounds, made up of: 
Fat, 67.8 pounds, 
Protein, 7.3 pounds, 
Ash, 1.1 pounds. 
While lean animals consist of nearly two-thirds water and less 
than one-tenth fat, the increase in body substance during fattening 
